Question 1

Accepting ourselves without excessive dependence on the approval of others best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocal determinism.
B)   free association.
C)   self-serving bias.
D)   secure self-esteem.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Hans and Sybil Eysenck described personality differences by identifying

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic markers.
B)   a hierarchy of needs.
C)   self-actualized people.
D)   basic factors.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

According to Freud,thoughts that are too unsettling for people to acknowledge are

Accepted Answer

A)   manifest contents.
B)   stored in the collective unconscious.
C)   repressed.
D)   inferiority complexes.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

The concept of possible selves is to ________ as the concept of reciprocal determinism is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Allport;Bandura
B)   Bandura;Allport
C)   Bandura;Markus
D)   Markus;BanduraE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Ego is to id as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   unconscious;conscious
B)   biology;morality
C)   reality principle;pleasure principle
D)   regression;repressionE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

After getting lost in a forest,Andrea became so hungry and thirsty that she became preoccupied with finding something to eat and drink.She was most clearly focused on satisfying ________ needs in Maslow's pyramid-shaped hierarchy of needs.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-actualization
B)   self-transcendence
C)   base-level
D)   midlevelE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 7

George often acts on impulse,without taking time to consider the consequences.A psychoanalyst would suggest that George shows signs of a

Accepted Answer

A)   strong ego.
B)   strong superego.
C)   weak id.
D)   weak ego.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

Subliminal stimuli can briefly prime our responses to subsequent events.This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   the false consensus effect.
B)   repression.
C)   unconscious thought.
D)   identification.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Compared with those having high self-esteem,individuals with low self-esteem are likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   try harder to repair their bad moods.
B)   show off in order to get attention.
C)   feel anxious and lonely.
D)   express unconditional positive regard.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Preliminary evidence suggests that those who unconsciously identify as homosexual-but who consciously identify as straight-report more negative attitudes toward gays than most people do.This best illustrates the defense mechanism known as

Accepted Answer

A)   projection.
B)   regression.
C)   displacement.
D)   reaction formation.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Although Camile has detailed memories of her early school years,she remembers very little about the boyfriend who abruptly broke off their marriage engagement.According to psychoanalytic theory,it appears that Camile is using the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

A)   regression.
B)   repression.
C)   displacement.
D)   projection.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 12

Freud referred to the remembered story line of a dream as its

Accepted Answer

A)   archetype.
B)   erogenous zone.
C)   manifest content.
D)   psychosexual stage.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Freud emphasized that unresolved childhood conflicts often lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   identification.
B)   an Oedipus complex.
C)   free association.
D)   fixation.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following personality assessment tools has been the most harshly criticized for lacking validity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
B)   Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
C)   Rorschach inkblot test
D)   MMPIE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

When 2-year-old Matthew was told he would get no dessert until he finished the food on his plate,he threw his plate on the floor in a temper tantrum.Freud would have suggested that Matthew was unable to resist the demands of his

Accepted Answer

A)   superego.
B)   ego.
C)   id.
D)   Oedipus complex.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Katrinka habitually makes nasty,hostile comments about her teachers.Freud would have suggested that her behavior illustrates the powerful influence of the

Accepted Answer

A)   self-concept.
B)   superego.
C)   ego.
D)   id.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Gender identity refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   our biological sex.
B)   the sense of being male,female,or a combination of the two.
C)   the set of socially expected behaviors for males and females.
D)   internalized ideals for appropriate sexual behavior.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Emotional instability is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Accepted Answer

A)   openness.
B)   neuroticism.
C)   agreeableness.
D)   conscientiousness.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

A person who is helpful and trusting most clearly ranks high on the Big Five trait dimension known as

Accepted Answer

A)   extraversion.
B)   openness.
C)   agreeableness.
D)   conscientiousness.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which contemporary theoretical approach is most directly descended from Freud's psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   trait theories
B)   psychodynamic theories
C)   social-cognitive theories
D)   humanistic theoriesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 15: Personality

After getting lost in a forest,Andrea became so hungry and thirsty that she became preoccupied with finding something to eat and drink.She was most clearly focused on satisfying ________ needs in Maslow's pyramid-shaped hierarchy of needs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ego is to id as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following personality assessment tools has been the most harshly criticized for lacking validity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Accepting ourselves without excessive dependence on the approval of others best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud emphasized that unresolved childhood conflicts often lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

George often acts on impulse,without taking time to consider the consequences.A psychoanalyst would suggest that George shows signs of a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud,thoughts that are too unsettling for people to acknowledge are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Subliminal stimuli can briefly prime our responses to subsequent events.This best illustrates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Katrinka habitually makes nasty,hostile comments about her teachers.Freud would have suggested that her behavior illustrates the powerful influence of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gender identity refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud referred to the remembered story line of a dream as its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which contemporary theoretical approach is most directly descended from Freud's psychoanalysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with those having high self-esteem,individuals with low self-esteem are likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hans and Sybil Eysenck described personality differences by identifying

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although Camile has detailed memories of her early school years,she remembers very little about the boyfriend who abruptly broke off their marriage engagement.According to psychoanalytic theory,it appears that Camile is using the defense mechanism of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept of possible selves is to ________ as the concept of reciprocal determinism is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emotional instability is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Preliminary evidence suggests that those who unconsciously identify as homosexual-but who consciously identify as straight-report more negative attitudes toward gays than most people do.This best illustrates the defense mechanism known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who is helpful and trusting most clearly ranks high on the Big Five trait dimension known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When 2-year-old Matthew was told he would get no dessert until he finished the food on his plate,he threw his plate on the floor in a temper tantrum.Freud would have suggested that Matthew was unable to resist the demands of his

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Ego is to id as is to .

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The concept of possible selves is to as the concept of reciprocal determinism is to .

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