Question 1

A controlled test of a hypothesis, in which the researcher manipulates one variable in order to discover its effect on another variable, is called a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   correlational study.
B)   experiment.
C)   survey.
D)   single-blind study.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

An operational definition is:

Accepted Answer

A)   a statement that attempts to describe or explain a given behaviour.
B)   an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships.
C)   the precise meaning of a term, which specifies the processes required for observing and measuring the phenomenon being investigated.
D)   a statement that is accepted without proof and regarded as fundamental to a subject.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

A researcher wants to know whether eating chocolate makes people nervous. Some participants are given two bars of chocolate to eat and some are given no chocolate at all, and then all of the participants are tested for nervousness an hour later. In this experiment, the amount of chocolate eaten:

Accepted Answer

A)   would be a dependent variable.
B)   would be a placebo.
C)   would be an independent variable.
D)   may be either an independent or dependent variable.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Why can it be difficult to interpret a correlation between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)   Correlation does not establish a relationship.
B)   A correlation does not establish causation.
C)   Most correlations are illusory.
D)   Most correlations are negative.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Skepticism in scientific research means:

Accepted Answer

A)   acquiring knowledge by means of observation or experimentation.
B)   refusing to accept empirical evidence.
C)   believing a claim is true unless you have evidence that it is wrong.
D)   treating conclusions, both new and old, with caution.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

According to your textbook, which of the following is a major concern that arises in cross-cultural research?

Accepted Answer

A)   stereotyping all members of a culture as being the same
B)   restrictions placed on foreign researchers
C)   lack of norms for standardization
D)   anti-science biasE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

What are the disadvantages associated with psychological case study research?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 8

If watching TV is positively correlated with children's aggressiveness, then in what possible ways could this relationship be explained?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 9

As a result of controversy over the use of deception in research:

Accepted Answer

A)   the CPA now does not allow deception.
B)   debriefing is required when deception is used.
C)   participants who are deceived must receive therapy free of charge if requested.
D)   deception is allowed only if the participants are volunteers.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Dr. Nuria is critiquing a colleague's work for relying on WEIRDos participants. Which of the following is MOST likely the basis for Dr. Nuria's criticism?

Accepted Answer

A)   The colleague is drawing conclusions about all people based on data from North American undergraduate research pools.
B)   The colleague is drawing conclusions about all people based on data from psychiatric hospitals.
C)   The colleague is making predictions about people in North America based on data from people in Eastern cultures.
D)   The colleague is making predictions about clinical patients based on data non-clinical samples.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

If a psychological test measures what it is supposed to measure, it has which of the following properties?

Accepted Answer

A)   reliability
B)   validity
C)   variability
D)   standardizationE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

A researcher is studying the amount of sleep university students get each night. She notices that there is a lot of variability in the data, with some students typically sleeping for around eight hours a night and some sleeping around five hours a night. One way to measure how spread out the data scores are is to use:

Accepted Answer

A)   the arithmetic mean.
B)   meta-analysis.
C)   inferential statistics.
D)   the standard deviation.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Dr. Benjamin Rush treated yellow fever by bloodletting. He attributed each recovery to the bloodletting and each death to the severity of the yellow fever. What rule of science did he violate?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   A sample's size is more critical than its representativeness.
B)   Surveys are procedures used to measure and evaluate people's abilities and aptitudes.
C)   The likelihood of lying on a survey is the same even when respondents are guaranteed anonymity.
D)   A problem with surveys is that sometimes people lie or misinterpret the question.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Procedures used to measure and evaluate personality traits, emotional states, aptitudes, and values are called:

Accepted Answer

A)   laboratory observations.
B)   psychological tests.
C)   significance tests.
D)   meta-analyses.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

When Haylee takes a personality test, the researcher gives her detailed instructions and plenty of time to complete it. But Tyler takes the same test and is given only vague instructions and a limited amount of time. This procedural difference shows that the test lacks:

Accepted Answer

A)   validity.
B)   standardization.
C)   reliability.
D)   variability.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Research methods that depict behaviour, but do not necessarily yield causal explanations, are called:

Accepted Answer

A)   experimental methods.
B)   blind studies.
C)   significance tests.
D)   descriptive methods.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Psychologists sometimes prefer to make observations in a laboratory setting rather than a naturalistic setting. The primary advantage of laboratory observation over naturalistic observation is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   it costs less money.
B)   participants take their participation more seriously in a professional environment.
C)   researchers have more control over the research study.
D)   laboratory observation is more natural.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

A detailed description of a particular individual based on careful observation or formal psychological testing is called a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   observational study.
B)   correlational study.
C)   case study.
D)   survey.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

A _______________ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Accepted Answer

A)   relationship coefficient
B)   meta-analysis
C)   Bayesian statistic
D)   correlationE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 2: How Psychologists Do Research

As a result of controversy over the use of deception in research:

Correct Answer
verified

Psychologists sometimes prefer to make observations in a laboratory setting rather than a naturalistic setting. The primary advantage of laboratory observation over naturalistic observation is that:

Correct Answer
verified

Skepticism in scientific research means:

Correct Answer
verified

A _______________ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Why can it be difficult to interpret a correlation between two variables?

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher wants to know whether eating chocolate makes people nervous. Some participants are given two bars of chocolate to eat and some are given no chocolate at all, and then all of the participants are tested for nervousness an hour later. In this experiment, the amount of chocolate eaten:

Correct Answer
verified

According to your textbook, which of the following is a major concern that arises in cross-cultural research?

Correct Answer
verified

When Haylee takes a personality test, the researcher gives her detailed instructions and plenty of time to complete it. But Tyler takes the same test and is given only vague instructions and a limited amount of time. This procedural difference shows that the test lacks:

Correct Answer
verified

Dr. Benjamin Rush treated yellow fever by bloodletting. He attributed each recovery to the bloodletting and each death to the severity of the yellow fever. What rule of science did he violate?

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

Which of the following statements is true?

Correct Answer
verified

If a psychological test measures what it is supposed to measure, it has which of the following properties?

Correct Answer
verified

If watching TV is positively correlated with children's aggressiveness, then in what possible ways could this relationship be explained?

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

What are the disadvantages associated with psychological case study research?

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

An operational definition is:

Correct Answer
verified

Dr. Nuria is critiquing a colleague's work for relying on WEIRDos participants. Which of the following is MOST likely the basis for Dr. Nuria's criticism?

Correct Answer
verified

Procedures used to measure and evaluate personality traits, emotional states, aptitudes, and values are called:

Correct Answer
verified

Research methods that depict behaviour, but do not necessarily yield causal explanations, are called:

Correct Answer
verified

A controlled test of a hypothesis, in which the researcher manipulates one variable in order to discover its effect on another variable, is called a(n) :

Correct Answer
verified

A detailed description of a particular individual based on careful observation or formal psychological testing is called a(n) :

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: How Psychologists Do Research

As a result of controversy over the use of deception in research:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists sometimes prefer to make observations in a laboratory setting rather than a naturalistic setting. The primary advantage of laboratory observation over naturalistic observation is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Skepticism in scientific research means:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A _______________ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why can it be difficult to interpret a correlation between two variables?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher wants to know whether eating chocolate makes people nervous. Some participants are given two bars of chocolate to eat and some are given no chocolate at all, and then all of the participants are tested for nervousness an hour later. In this experiment, the amount of chocolate eaten:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to your textbook, which of the following is a major concern that arises in cross-cultural research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Haylee takes a personality test, the researcher gives her detailed instructions and plenty of time to complete it. But Tyler takes the same test and is given only vague instructions and a limited amount of time. This procedural difference shows that the test lacks:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Benjamin Rush treated yellow fever by bloodletting. He attributed each recovery to the bloodletting and each death to the severity of the yellow fever. What rule of science did he violate?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a psychological test measures what it is supposed to measure, it has which of the following properties?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If watching TV is positively correlated with children's aggressiveness, then in what possible ways could this relationship be explained?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

What are the disadvantages associated with psychological case study research?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

An operational definition is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Nuria is critiquing a colleague's work for relying on WEIRDos participants. Which of the following is MOST likely the basis for Dr. Nuria's criticism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Procedures used to measure and evaluate personality traits, emotional states, aptitudes, and values are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research methods that depict behaviour, but do not necessarily yield causal explanations, are called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A controlled test of a hypothesis, in which the researcher manipulates one variable in order to discover its effect on another variable, is called a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A detailed description of a particular individual based on careful observation or formal psychological testing is called a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified