Question 1

Dr. Ensing studies the reactions of very young children who are briefly separated from their mothers while in an unfamiliar setting. It is most likely that Dr. Ensing is conducting research on

Accepted Answer

A)   attachment.
B)   conservation.
C)   egocentrism.
D)   imprinting.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

In a pleasant but unfamiliar setting, infants with an insecure maternal attachment are most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   demonstrate unusually low levels of stranger anxiety.
B)   happily leave their mother's side and explore their new surroundings.
C)   feel happy when their mothers leave them.
D)   show indifference to their mother's return after a brief absence.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Compared with time spent looking at the scene of a ball falling, infants spend ________ time looking at a ball stopping in midair. Compared with time spent looking at the scene of a moving car, infants spend ________ time looking at a moving car seeming to pass through a solid object.

Accepted Answer

A)   less; more
B)   more; less
C)   less; less
D)   more; moreE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

A common ingredient in effective adult interaction with children across a wide variety of culturally different day-care settings is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)   authoritarian caregiving.
B)   permissive caregiving.
C)   responsive caregiving.
D)   epigenetic caregiving.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

It is difficult to successfully train many children to walk before they are 10 months old. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   assimilation.
B)   imprinting.
C)   accommodation.
D)   maturation.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Two characteristics of authoritative parents are that they provide children with

Accepted Answer

A)   clear behavior expectations and demonstrate high levels of parental responsiveness.
B)   confusing behavior expectations and demonstrate low levels of parental responsiveness.
C)   clear behavior expectations and demonstrate low levels of parental responsiveness.
D)   confusing behavior expectations and demonstrate high levels of parental responsiveness.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

To recognize that a face seen in a mirror is his or her own, a child must have some

Accepted Answer

A)   theory of mind.
B)   secure attachment.
C)   self-awareness.
D)   concept of conservation.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Autism is a disorder characterized by deficient social interaction and an impaired

Accepted Answer

A)   capacity for stranger anxiety.
B)   sense of object permanence.
C)   theory of mind.
D)   concept of conservation.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

According to Piaget, the preoperational stage is to the concrete operational stage as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   assimilation; accommodation
B)   object permanence; stranger anxiety
C)   egocentrism; conservation
D)   responsive parenting; temperamentE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

When tethered to a mobile, infants learned the association between

Accepted Answer

A)   looking and the mobile's smell.
B)   rooting and the mobile's sound.
C)   swallowing and the mobile's color.
D)   kicking and the mobile's movement.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Piaget suggested that cognitive development involved an individual's construction of

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation.
B)   schemas.
C)   attachment.
D)   critical periods.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Lev Vygotsky emphasized that the scaffold from which children step to higher levels of thinking is

Accepted Answer

A)   object permanence.
B)   conventional morality.
C)   habituation.
D)   language.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

The recommended position for putting babies to sleep is

Accepted Answer

A)   on their stomachs.
B)   on their backs.
C)   on their sides.
D)   in a nearly upright sitting position.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Infant monkeys raised with a nourishing wire mother and a nonnourishing cloth mother

Accepted Answer

A)   preferred the nourishing wire mother.
B)   preferred the nonnourishing cloth mother.
C)   showed no preference for one mother over the other.
D)   shifted their initial preference for the wire mother to the cloth mother as they matured.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   attachment.
B)   theory of mind.
C)   schema.
D)   neural network.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Remembering things one can no longer perceive is most clearly an indication of

Accepted Answer

A)   social identity.
B)   basic trust.
C)   egocentrism.
D)   object permanence.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

The acquisition of a sense of object permanence is most closely associated with the development of

Accepted Answer

A)   conservation.
B)   stranger anxiety.
C)   self-awareness.
D)   egocentrism.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Parents who make few demands on their children and use little punishment are

Accepted Answer

A)   authoritarian.
B)   authoritative.
C)   egocentric.
D)   permissive.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Levels of self-esteem in children are highest among children with ________ parents.

Accepted Answer

A)   permissive
B)   authoritative
C)   conservative
D)   authoritarianE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Parents who discuss and negotiate family rules are especially likely to raise children who are

Accepted Answer

A)   self-reliant.
B)   insecurely attached.
C)   disobedient.
D)   egocentric.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 14: A: Infancy and Childhood

In a pleasant but unfamiliar setting, infants with an insecure maternal attachment are most likely to

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Parents who make few demands on their children and use little punishment are

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Autism is a disorder characterized by deficient social interaction and an impaired

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Ensing studies the reactions of very young children who are briefly separated from their mothers while in an unfamiliar setting. It is most likely that Dr. Ensing is conducting research on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Piaget suggested that cognitive development involved an individual's construction of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lev Vygotsky emphasized that the scaffold from which children step to higher levels of thinking is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A common ingredient in effective adult interaction with children across a wide variety of culturally different day-care settings is best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The acquisition of a sense of object permanence is most closely associated with the development of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When tethered to a mobile, infants learned the association between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Levels of self-esteem in children are highest among children with ________ parents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The recommended position for putting babies to sleep is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parents who discuss and negotiate family rules are especially likely to raise children who are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To recognize that a face seen in a mirror is his or her own, a child must have some

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two characteristics of authoritative parents are that they provide children with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Remembering things one can no longer perceive is most clearly an indication of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infant monkeys raised with a nourishing wire mother and a nonnourishing cloth mother

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, the preoperational stage is to the concrete operational stage as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with time spent looking at the scene of a ball falling, infants spend ________ time looking at a ball stopping in midair. Compared with time spent looking at the scene of a moving car, infants spend ________ time looking at a moving car seeming to pass through a solid object.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is difficult to successfully train many children to walk before they are 10 months old. This best illustrates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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According to Piaget, the preoperational stage is to the concrete operational stage as is to .

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Compared with time spent looking at the scene of a ball falling, infants spend time looking at a ball stopping in midair. Compared with time spent looking at the scene of a moving car, infants spend time looking at a moving car seeming to pass through a solid object.

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Correct Answer
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