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Adult development experts are virtually unanimous in their belief that midlife crises


A) have been validated.
B) have been exaggerated.
C) have no cross-cultural validity.
D) have been underestimated.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is a factor that could undermine the influence of increases in longevity on the nature of grandparenting?


A) changing gender roles in child rearing
B) early marriage and childbirth
C) single-parenting and same-sex parents
D) the current trend of delaying childbearing

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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According to research, which of the following is a difference between individuals high in conscientiousness and individuals high in neuroticism?


A) Individuals high in conscientiousness are more likely to live longer, whereas individuals high in neuroticism are more likely to die at a younger age.
B) Individuals high in conscientiousness are more likely to be drug dependent, whereas individuals high in neuroticism are more likely to have an alcohol addiction.
C) Individuals high in conscientiousness are successful entrepreneurs, whereas individuals high in neuroticism are successful managers.
D) Individuals high in conscientiousness feel negative emotion than positive emotion in daily life, whereas individuals high in neuroticism experience more lingering positive states.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The life-events approach to understanding adult development has been criticized because it


A) placed too much emphasis on change.
B) ignored the developmental stages adults go through.
C) did not consider the female experience.
D) focused on minor and not major life events.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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In a survey conducted by AARP (2004) , divorced adults reported that they had generally stayed married and postponed their divorces because of


A) their children.
B) financial problems.
C) religious beliefs.
D) cultural norms.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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According to Levinson, the transition to middle adulthood lasts about ________ years.


A) 2
B) 4
C) 5
D) 7

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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In a longitudinal study of Smith College women, the desire for ________ increased as the participants aged from their thirties to their fifties.


A) generativity
B) self-concept
C) stagnation
D) self-absorption

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Why have middle-aged adults been described as the "sandwich" generation? What is an alternative to this view?

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Middle-aged adults have been described as the "sandwich," "squeezed," or "overload" generation because of the responsibilities they have for their adolescent and young adult children as well as their aging parents. However, an alternative view is that in the United States, a "sandwich" generation, in which the middle generation cares for both grown children and aging parents simultaneously, occurs less often than a "pivot" generation, in which the middle generation alternates attention between the demands of grown children and aging parents.

George Vaillant concludes that ________ is a time for detecting parental flaws and discovering the truth about childhood.


A) adolescence
B) late adulthood
C) middle adulthood
D) old age

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following Big Five personality factors describes whether an individual is imaginative or practical?


A) agreeableness
B) extraversion
C) conscientiousness
D) openness to experience

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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According to research by Rossi, who among the following were found to have the closest relationships during their adult years?


A) fathers and sons
B) mothers and sons
C) fathers and daughters
D) mothers and daughters

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is a shortcoming of stage theories of adult development?


A) They do not adequately address universals of adult personality development.
B) They do not adequately address individual variations in adult development.
C) They place far too much importance on cultural variations in adult development.
D) They place too much importance on individual variations in adult development.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is the seventh stage of Erikson's psychosocial theory?


A) intimacy versus isolation
B) integrity versus despair
C) autonomy versus shame and doubt
D) generativity versus stagnation

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Identify the theorist who proposed that middle-aged adults faced the significant issue of generativity versus stagnation.

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In the longitudinal studies by George Vaillant, one of the factors at age 50 that was linked with being in the "happy-well" category of 75- to 80-year-olds was


A) being future-oriented.
B) being wealthy.
C) having a stable job.
D) having children.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Daniel Levinson's studies suggest that most adults feel that middle age is a time of


A) crisis.
B) reconsolidation.
C) peace and tranquility.
D) intimacy and social closeness.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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A

In a survey conducted by AARP (2004) , one of the reasons middle-aged and older men cited for wanting a divorce was


A) verbal, physical, or emotional abuse.
B) different values and lifestyles.
C) alcohol or drug abuse.
D) unemployment.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Identify the Big Five personality factor that describes whether an individual is independent or conforming.


A) openness to experience
B) extraversion
C) conscientiousness
D) agreeableness

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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According to Levinson, the ________ rests on how effectively an individual reduces the polarities and accepts each of them as an integral part of his or her being.


A) failure of adolescent transition
B) success of the midlife transition
C) success of transition into early adulthood
D) success of transition into late adulthood

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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B

Adam has been facing work-related stress lately. The stress is negatively affecting his health. Adam is likely to respond in a


A) composed manner.
B) fight-or-flight manner.
C) stagnant manner.
D) tend-and-befriend pattern.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Showing 1 - 20 of 114

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