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To reduce the impact of divorce on children,which of the following should take place?


A) Only one parent should stay in the children's lives for the first few years.
B) Both parents should quickly remarry and move to new communities to allow children to start fresh.
C) Transitions should be minimized.
D) Parents should stay in their marriages regardless of the circumstances,avoiding divorce at all costs.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Rates of single parenthood are far higher among _____ than any other ethnic group.

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Lawrence Kohlberg's concept of preconventional morality involves:


A) the careful consideration of all options.
B) an emphasis on laws and social order.
C) seeking pleasure and avoiding punishment.
D) trying to gain the approval of others.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A child who demonstrates positive adaptation in the face of stressors such as poverty and neglect is showing resilience and will always continue to show resilience.

A) True
B) False

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Compared with nuclear families,extended families typically:


A) are more chaotic.
B) include grandparents.
C) feature less structure.
D) are better for children.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Which family function is especially crucial in middle childhood?


A) harmony and stability
B) physical necessities
C) peer relationships
D) self-respect

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Erik Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development is called:


A) autonomy versus shame and doubt.
B) industry versus inferiority.
C) trust versus mistrust.
D) integrity versus incompetence.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Changing the school culture so that children don't admire the bullies is more effective at ending bullying than teaching better social skills to victims.

A) True
B) False

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Aggressive-rejected children are the MOST likely to become bully-victims.

A) True
B) False

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According to Erik Erikson's theory,children in middle childhood tend to judge themselves as either:


A) suppressed or superior.
B) industrious or inferior.
C) competent or awkward.
D) intelligent or stupid.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Brenda's family is experiencing multiple problems,including her mother's illness,her father's loss of employment,and two relatives moving into their home.Despite the stress of home life,Brenda does attend weekly church and feels welcomed by the congregation.Overall,Brenda seems to be doing fairly well despite her home life.Brenda may be:


A) indifferent to her family's problems.
B) relying on egocentric tendencies.
C) using religion as a source of support.
D) hoping to go to college after high school.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Academic achievement is important for self-esteem during middle childhood.

A) True
B) False

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Caleb has repeatedly been calling Joe names.Caleb also teases Joe about his haircut and his clothes.The type of bullying that Caleb is displaying is:


A) physical.
B) verbal.
C) relational.
D) cyberbullying.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Eric has been married before and has two biological children.He has just married Natasha,who has also been married before and has a biological son.Their family is an example of a _____ family.


A) polygamous
B) nuclear
C) stepparent
D) traditional

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Children who overcome severe problems in childhood may be referred to as "_____."

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Which statement is FALSE regarding self-conscious emotions?


A) They develop during middle childhood.
B) They guide social interactions.
C) They are associated with reduced self-esteem.
D) They can lead to psychopathology.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Lawrence Kohlberg based his theory of moral development on the work of Erik Erikson.

A) True
B) False

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Resilience to stress is a stable or static trait describing a child's responses under adverse situations.

A) True
B) False

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A critical characteristic of resilience is a child's _____ adaptation to stress.

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Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development was strongly influenced by:


A) Sigmund Freud.
B) Jean Piaget.
C) Erik Erikson.
D) Carol Gilligan.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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