Question 1

According to psychodynamic theory, depression results in part from:

Accepted Answer

A)   learned helplessness.
B)   irrational expectations.
C)   regression to the oral stage.
D)   learned anxiety turned inward.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Unipolar depression is depression that:

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs without periods of mania.
B)   stems from a single event in one's life.
C)   includes only extreme sadness as a symptom.
D)   occurs only in polar regions due to the lengthy absence of sunlight during winter.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 3

A good way to describe a typical manic episode would be to say that it is like a:

Accepted Answer

A)   roller coaster-up and down, up and down.
B)   meteorite-a sudden burst of energy that is quickly gone.
C)   power plant's output-steady, regular energy being produced.
D)   flash flood-spreading out wherever there is room for it to go.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The theorist responsible for focusing attention on the negative aspects of thinking as an explanation of depression is _____ (last name only).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The theorist responsible for focusing attention on...

Question 5

Recent research using genetic linkage studies has looked for possible patterns of inheritance of bipolar disorders. The results suggest that:

Accepted Answer

A)   there does not appear to be a genetic component in the development of bipolar disorders.
B)   several different genes may establish a predisposition to develop bipolar disorders.
C)   the close relatives of people with bipolar disorders have an 80 percent chance of having one of these disorders.
D)   according to careful studies in other countries, environmental factors are of far greater importance than genetic factors in the development of bipolar disorders.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

The clinician who would be MOST likely to say, "Tell me about any early losses you experienced," is a:

Accepted Answer

A)   psychodynamic clinician.
B)   biological clinician.
C)   cognitive-behavioral clinician.
D)   sociocultural clinician.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Aaron Beck believes that _____ contribute(s)  to the development of depression.

Accepted Answer

A)   symbolic loss
B)   internal conflicts
C)   maladaptive attitudes
D)   reduction in positive rewardsE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Distinguish between bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, and cyclothymic disorder using DSM-5 criteria.

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, a...

Question 9

Peter Lewinsohn has developed a theory that depression results from a progressive decrease in the number of social _____ that a person receives over a long period of time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Peter Lewinsohn has developed a theory that...

Question 10

Mania is to _____ as depression is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   males; females
B)   excessive energy; lack of energy
C)   extreme emotions; lack of emotion
D)   accurate self-perceptions; distorted self-perceptionsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 11

A manic episode is to hypomania as _____ is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   bipolar I disorder; bipolar II disorder
B)   bipolar II disorder; bipolar I disorder
C)   cyclothymic disorder; bipolar II disorder
D)   bipolar II disorder; cyclothymic disorderE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

The psychodynamic theory of depression based on the notion that a set of unconscious processes become engaged when a person experiences a loss was developed by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Beck and Seligman.
B)   Freud and Abraham.
C)   Dollard and Miller.
D)   Rogers and Maslow.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 13

Cognitive-behaviorists explain the downward spiral of depression by theorizing that:

Accepted Answer

A)   depressed behavior leads to even fewer opportunities for social rewards.
B)   depressed people aren't responsive to normal social rewards.
C)   depressed family members give inaccurate self-reports.
D)   depressed mood cannot be alleviated by positive experiences.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Brody no longer enjoys his usual hobbies, talking to his friends, or even playing with his dog. In fact, Brody didn't even care when he learned that he was up for a promotion at work. This BEST describes someone with:

Accepted Answer

A)   fatalism.
B)   anhedonia.
C)   automatic thinking.
D)   dysregulation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Which statement would NOT reflect a part of the cognitive triad?

Accepted Answer

A)   Everyone is out to get me.
B)   Life is just too overwhelming.
C)   I don't even want to wake up tomorrow.
D)   I just can't go on.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which finding would MOST STRONGLY support the assumption that learned helplessness is a potential cause of depression?

Accepted Answer

A)   Evidence from archival records showing increases in the incidence of depression following natural disasters
B)   Evidence from a survey showing that most depressed people report prior exposure to uncontrollable negative events
C)   Evidence from an experiment showing that when people are exposed to uncontrollable negative events, depressive symptoms follow
D)   Evidence from a clinical interview in which a client reports being exposed to uncontrollable negative events prior to seeking therapyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

A woman in a middle-level manager's job is repeatedly not promoted, no matter how hard she tries, even though she seems as qualified as the men who are promoted. If she develops depression because of her work experiences, the theory that BEST explains the onset of her depression is:

Accepted Answer

A)   artifact theory.
B)   hormone theory.
C)   lack of control theory.
D)   cognitive triad theory.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Structural abnormalities noted in people with bipolar depression include:

Accepted Answer

A)   an enlarged basal ganglia.
B)   greater amounts of gray matter in the brain.
C)   a smaller-than-normal hippocampus.
D)   structural changes in the amygdala.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

One theory to explain the possible gender differences in unipolar depression is that women tend to think about events long after they happened. This is called the _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One theory to explain the possible gender...

Question 20

If people with unipolar depression were found to have lower levels of norepinephrine, such a finding would support which perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   Biological
B)   Sociocultural
C)   Psychological
D)   Developmental psychopathologyE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 7: Depressive and Bipolar Disorders

Recent research using genetic linkage studies has looked for possible patterns of inheritance of bipolar disorders. The results suggest that:

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Cognitive-behaviorists explain the downward spiral of depression by theorizing that:

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A good way to describe a typical manic episode would be to say that it is like a:

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If people with unipolar depression were found to have lower levels of norepinephrine, such a finding would support which perspective?

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Which finding would MOST STRONGLY support the assumption that learned helplessness is a potential cause of depression?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement would NOT reflect a part of the cognitive triad?

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One theory to explain the possible gender differences in unipolar depression is that women tend to think about events long after they happened. This is called the _____ theory.

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Mania is to _____ as depression is to _____.

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Aaron Beck believes that _____ contribute(s) to the development of depression.

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Unipolar depression is depression that:

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A manic episode is to hypomania as _____ is to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The psychodynamic theory of depression based on the notion that a set of unconscious processes become engaged when a person experiences a loss was developed by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peter Lewinsohn has developed a theory that depression results from a progressive decrease in the number of social _____ that a person receives over a long period of time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brody no longer enjoys his usual hobbies, talking to his friends, or even playing with his dog. In fact, Brody didn't even care when he learned that he was up for a promotion at work. This BEST describes someone with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to psychodynamic theory, depression results in part from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Structural abnormalities noted in people with bipolar depression include:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A woman in a middle-level manager's job is repeatedly not promoted, no matter how hard she tries, even though she seems as qualified as the men who are promoted. If she develops depression because of her work experiences, the theory that BEST explains the onset of her depression is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The theorist responsible for focusing attention on the negative aspects of thinking as an explanation of depression is _____ (last name only).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Distinguish between bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, and cyclothymic disorder using DSM-5 criteria.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIBipolar disorder, unipolar depression, a...View AnswerShow Answer

The clinician who would be MOST likely to say, "Tell me about any early losses you experienced," is a:

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Mania is to _ as depression is to _.

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A manic episode is to hypomania as _ is to _.

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Bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, a...
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