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Much Scandinavian architecture consisted of wooden frames filled with


A) mortar.
B) waddle-and-daub.
C) runes.
D) louver.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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What were the special needs of a monastic community?

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Monastic communities centered ...

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How did the "barbarians" use animal style in their art?

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Luxury items in metal, such as jewelry, ...

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Describe the Mozarabic style in Spain.

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1. Christians in Islamic territories inc...

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Which work-one of the most famous Carolingian manuscripts-uses ink drawings to illustrate the words and images of individual psalms literally?


A) Ebbo Gospels
B) Book of Durrow
C) Lindisfarne Gospel Book
D) Utrecht Psalter

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which artistic style was a fusion of Celtic, Romanized British, Germanic, and Norse traditions?


A) barbarian
B) Carolingian
C) Hiberno-Saxon
D) Frank

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Christians in the Muslim territories were called


A) Mozarabs.
B) Mesopotamians.
C) Israelites.
D) Iranians.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What did the Oseberg ship contain, and what was its intended use?

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The ship was used for burials ...

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What time period is considered to be the Middle Ages?

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The 1,000-year period between the fall o...

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In the early 900s, a new Saxon dynasty came to power in lands corresponding roughly to present-day Germany and Austria; this dynasty was known as the


A) Ottonians.
B) Hiberno-Saxons.
C) Merovingians.
D) Carolingians.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Charlemagne established a dynasty and an empire known today as the


A) Carolingian.
B) Ottonian.
C) Merovingian.
D) Frankish.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What is notable about the Doors of Bishop Bernward in Hildesheim (Fig. 15-27) ?


A) The artists used a strict pre-Christian, iconographical program to relay the narrative.
B) They were the most complex bronze-casting project undertaken since antiquity.
C) They were inspired by the Byzantine use of narrative sculpture relief.
D) The monastic collaboration included the employment of secular artists.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Why did Celtic Christians develop their own liturgical practices and distinctive artistic traditions?


A) They refused to accept the authority of Bishop of Rome.
B) They had little contact with Rome until the sixth century.
C) Celtic mythological beliefs prevailed over Christianity among the general population.
D) Celtic rulers imposed strict regulations in terms of language and iconography.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Why did many Ottonian cathedrals burn down in the eleventh century?


A) Muslim invaders destroyed them.
B) The number of wooden sculptures made them susceptible to fire.
C) Riots protesting imperial rule led to massive destruction.
D) Their timber roofs made them susceptible to fire.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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How does the life of Galla Placidia bring the fall of the Roman Empire to life?

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She was in Rome when it was sa...

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Which design is seen in the Gummersmark Brooch (Fig. 15-3) ?


A) words and initials
B) warrior and rulers
C) crosses and circles
D) monsters and beasts

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Which plan did most Carolingian churches follow?


A) martyrium
B) cross
C) basilican
D) central

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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A cornerstone of Christian philosophy is the text of


A) The City of God.
B) The Realm of the Lord.
C) The Gospel of Paul.
D) The Word of Matthew.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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How did the Vikings affect the art world? What specific artistic trends did they set?

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1. The Vikings raided and traded with va...

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What was the result of St. Augustine's successful mission?

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Christianity spread ...

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