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Which of the following statements is true of meditation?


A) Meditation is an altered state of consciousness or a psychological state of altered attention and expectation in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions.
B) As a physiological state, meditation shows qualities of sleep and wakefulness, yet it is distinct from both.
C) The meditator is ignorant of his or her thoughts and feelings and is, therefore, not consumed by them.
D) A meditative state is exactly similar to the hypnotic state.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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A person's normal circadian rhythm represents a 12-hour cycle.

A) True
B) False

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Sleepwalking occurs during _____ of the sleep cycle.


A) stage 1
B) the REM stage
C) stages 3 and 4
D) all stages

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Brenda goes to check on her sleeping daughter and observes that the child's eyes are moving up and down and from left to right under her eyelids.It is likely that she is:


A) in the deepest level of sleep.
B) dreaming.
C) in a hypnagogic state.
D) waking up.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following terms refer to the physiological state of being engaged with the environment?


A) Arousal
B) Awareness
C) Intuition
D) Insight

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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According to activation-synthesis theory,dreams:


A) result from the brain's attempts to find logic in random brain activity that occurs during sleep.
B) offer a unique opportunity for problem solving.
C) are types of mental simulations that are very similar in content to a person's everyday waking thoughts.
D) are often, though not always, a sign of mental illness.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Jennifer has decided to go to bed early.Although her eyes are closed and she is very relaxed,she has not yet fallen asleep.An electroencephalograph (EEG) is most likely to indicate the presence of:


A) delta waves.
B) alpha waves.
C) sleep spindles.
D) rapid eye movements.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Beta and alpha waves are more synchronous than other waves,forming a very consistent pattern.

A) True
B) False

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Bradley participates in a sleep study at a university clinic.The researchers measure his body's physiological changes while he is sleeping.Which hormone do they find in large doses just before Bradley wakes up?


A) Melatonin
B) Growth hormone
C) Cortisol
D) Prolactin

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Jesse dreamed that he failed his science test.He is exhibiting:


A) automatic processing.
B) an altered state of consciousness.
C) subconscious awareness.
D) no awareness.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Aaron is working on a history assignment that he must submit the next day.His favorite TV show is on air,but he continues to work on the assignment as it is a priority.In this case,Aaron is demonstrating:


A) divided attention.
B) selective attention.
C) daydreaming.
D) arousal.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Describe the effects of stimulants.

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Stimulants are psychoactive drugs that i...

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Rose is a chain cigarette smoker.Therefore,Rose is addicted to a stimulant.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following slow down inhibition and judgment?


A) Depressants
B) Stimulants
C) Hallucinogens
D) Amphetamines

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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_____ is a disorder,caused by a genetic mutation,involving a progressive inability to sleep.


A) Sleep paralysis
B) Fatal familial insomnia
C) Sleep apnea
D) Narcolepsy

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Discuss the nature and uses of hypnosis.

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When under hypnosis,individuals are awar...

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A night terror features sudden arousal from sleep and intense fear.

A) True
B) False

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Erika often walks in her sleep past midnight.In formal terms,she is said to be exhibiting _____.


A) somnambulism
B) somniloquy
C) insomnia
D) narcolepsy

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Drugs,trauma,fatigue,hypnosis,and sensory deprivation produce:


A) normal brain waves.
B) sleep apnea.
C) a state called hypnagogic reverie.
D) altered states of consciousness.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Tranquilizers and alcohol belong to a drug category known as:


A) stimulants.
B) narcotics.
C) depressants.
D) sedatives.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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