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A cubic centimeter of quartz, olivine, and gold weigh 2.5, 3.0, and 19.8 grams respectively. This indicates that___________ .


A) gold and olivine are silicates, quartz is elemental silicon
B) gold is 6 to 7 times harder than olivine and quartz
C) olivine and quartz powders are harder than metallic gold
D) gold has a higher density and specific gravity than quartz and olivine

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which one of the following is a typical product of weathering?


A) micas
B) clays
C) feldspars
D) ferromagnesians

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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How many elements compose the majority of rock- forming minerals?


A) 4
B) 6
C) 8
D) 10

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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_________exhibit a sheet- like silicate structure.


A) Pyroxenes
B) Feldspars
C) Clays
D) Carbonates

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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C

Overall, the physical properties of minerals provide a reliable means to identify common minerals. However, certain properties can exhibit a range of characteristics or values making them less useful for identification purposes. Choose three physical properties that might vary considerably between samples of the same mineral and explain why such variability would exist.

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Certain elements can substitut...

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Ruby and sapphire are red and blue forms of the mineral_________ .


A) emerald
B) diamond
C) corundum
D) turquoise

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which group of minerals are the most abundant in the Earth's crust?


A) chlorides
B) sulfides
C) silicates
D) carbonates

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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What is the name of the dark- colored mica?


A) olivine
B) quartz
C) biotite
D) calcite

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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How do the electrons behave in a mineral with metallic bonding?


A) They can move relatively easily from atom to atom inside the mineral.
B) They are tightly bound to certain atoms and cannot readily move.
C) They move to adjacent negative ions, forming positive ions.
D) They react with protons to make neutrons in the outer valence shells.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following minerals is in the mineral group known as mica?


A) orthoclase
B) augite
C) olivine
D) muscovite

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following describes the light reflecting characteristics of a mineral?


A) color streak
B) virtual absorption
C) luster
D) fluorescence

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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C

What is the smallest particle of matter that exhibits and defines the distinctive chemical characteristics of the individual elements?

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Which of the following minerals is a ferromagnesian silicate?


A) hornblende
B) muscovite
C) quartz
D) orthoclase

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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A

What is the chemical composition of graphite and diamond?

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_________denote positively charged, nuclear particles.


A) Neutrons
B) Isotrons
C) Electrons
D) Protons

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What is the hardest mineral known?

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Why does garnet have less silicon than quartz?


A) As more silicon atoms are shared in a silicate polymer, the percentage of silicon increases.
B) Garnet has a three- dimensional structure.
C) As more oxygen atoms are shared in a silicate polymer, the percentage of silicon increases.
D) A and C

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which one of the following is NOT true for minerals?


A) They can be identified by characteristic physical properties.
B) They can be a liquid, solid, or gas.
C) They have a specific, predictable chemical composition.
D) They have a specific, internal, crystalline structure.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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In which type of chemical bonding are electrons shared between adjacent atoms?


A) ionic
B) covalent
C) subatomic
D) isotopic

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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An atom's mass number is 14 and its atomic number is 7. How many neutrons are in its nucleus?


A) 21
B) 7
C) 6
D) 14

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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