Question 1

Repressible operons require that ______ binds to the repressor protein before it can bind to the operator.

Accepted Answer

A)   the product
B)   a cofactor
C)   a coenzyme
D)   the substrate
E)   the reactantF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   each base bonding at the 1' position of the sugar
B)   a purine always bonding to a pyrimidine
C)   one helix strand that runs from the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5' direction
D)   an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA moleculeE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

DNA photolyase, in the presence of visible light, can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

An unidenti?ed cell was found to contain introns and exons. It also expresses DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Although it exhibits a promoter region, it has no operons. You conclude that this cell _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   is eukaryotic
B)   is prokaryotic
C)   is either a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell
D)   is actually a virusE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 5

A primer comprised of _______ is needed at the origin of nucleotide addition.

Accepted Answer

A)   polymerase III
B)   polymerase I
C)   helicase
D)   RNA
E)   DNAF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following is not true of transposons?

Accepted Answer

A)   They can change pigmentation.
B)   They can replace damaged DNA.
C)   They can transfer drug resistance.
D)   They can change the genome.
E)   They are always part of plasmids.F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

The jumping of a gene from one location to another is done by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   conjugation
B)   transposons
C)   transformation
D)   transduction
E)   transmissionF) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 8

The ﬁeld of genomics refers to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   the study of an organism's plasmids
B)   the study of cellular, but not viral, genomes
C)   the study of chromosomal DNA
D)   the study of an organism's complete genome, including plasmid, mitochondrial, and chloroplast DNAE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

All mutations are not beneﬁcial to the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The lactose repressor _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   is transcribed with the structural lac genes
B)   is activated by binding lactose
C)   is inactivated by binding lactose
D)   requires lactose for its transcriptionE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Which molecule is translated into an amino acid sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ribosomal RNA
B)   Messenger RNA
C)   Transfer RNA
D)   Primer RNA
E)   RibozymesF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Repressible operons are normally turned on in the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The fundamental difference between an organism's genotype and its phenotype is that _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   the phenotype refers to all of the genetic material in the organism, whereas the genotype represents only the genetic material that is expressed into proteins
B)   the genotype refers to eukaryotic genes that contain both introns and exons, whereas phenotype refers to bacterial DNA that has only exons
C)   the genotype refers to the organism's genes and the phenotype refers to the non-coding segments of DNA
D)   the genotype refers to all of the genetic material in the organism, whereas the phenotype represents only the genetic material that is expressed into proteinsE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

If the wild type DNA sequence reads THE CAT ATE THE BIG RAT, what type of mutation would change the sequence to THE CAT ATA ETH EBI GRA T?

Accepted Answer

A)   Missense
B)   Nonsense
C)   Insertion
D)   Deletion
E)   SilentF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

Okazaki fragments are attached to the growing end of the lagging strand by _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA ligase
B)   DNA polymerase
C)   DNA helicase
D)   DNA gyrase
E)   primaseF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 16

A mutation has occurred during DNA replication while the cell was preparing to divide. As a result of this, the codon ACU of mRNA has now become ACC. Interestingly, there is no change to the protein being made. Why not?

Accepted Answer

A)   This is a silent mutation.
B)   The original amino acid isoleucine was changed to leucine, but they are the same variation of amino acid so no change to the protein.
C)   The mutation was ?xed, and even though the codon is now ACC the correct amino acid is put into place for the normal protein.
D)   This is not a mutation that causes a big change, so there is no change to the protein being made.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

A screening system called the _______ test is used for detecting chemicals with carcinogenic potential.

Accepted Answer

A)   Koch
B)   Ames
C)   mutation
D)   cancer
E)   IowaF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside, inhibits protein synthesis _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   by binding to the tRNA preventing peptide bond formation between amino acids
B)   by binding to the ribosome, preventing translocation due to interference with the attachment of mRNA
C)   by preventing the formation of the initiation complex
D)   by interfering with both the initiation and elongation stages of translationE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

The expression of genetic traits is referred to as the organism's ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   genome
B)   genotype
C)   proteome
D)   phenotype
E)   proteotypeF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

A permanent, inheritable change in the genetic information is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   translation
B)   transcription
C)   a mutation
D)   an alteration
E)   regenerationF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Exam 9: Microbial Genetics

The ﬁeld of genomics refers to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fundamental difference between an organism's genotype and its phenotype is that _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A permanent, inheritable change in the genetic information is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation has occurred during DNA replication while the cell was preparing to divide. As a result of this, the codon ACU of mRNA has now become ACC. Interestingly, there is no change to the protein being made. Why not?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which molecule is translated into an amino acid sequence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primer comprised of _______ is needed at the origin of nucleotide addition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An unidenti?ed cell was found to contain introns and exons. It also expresses DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Although it exhibits a promoter region, it has no operons. You conclude that this cell _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA photolyase, in the presence of visible light, can repair DNA damage due to ultraviolet radiation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All mutations are not beneﬁcial to the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repressible operons are normally turned on in the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the wild type DNA sequence reads THE CAT ATE THE BIG RAT, what type of mutation would change the sequence to THE CAT ATA ETH EBI GRA T?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Okazaki fragments are attached to the growing end of the lagging strand by _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lactose repressor _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The expression of genetic traits is referred to as the organism's ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repressible operons require that ______ binds to the repressor protein before it can bind to the operator.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of transposons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The jumping of a gene from one location to another is done by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A screening system called the _______ test is used for detecting chemicals with carcinogenic potential.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside, inhibits protein synthesis _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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