Question 1

Brain cells that are specialized for transmitting electrical messages are called

Accepted Answer

A)   neurons.
B)   dendrites.
C)   synapses.
D)   glial cells.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Humans continue to generate new neurons throughout life, particularly in the

Accepted Answer

A)   amygdala.
B)   temporal lobe.
C)   corpus callosum.
D)   hippocampus.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Behavior genetic studies have revealed that fraternal twins reared together and identical twins reared together are equally similar on trait Q. This indicates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   shared genetics.
B)   nonshared genetics.
C)   shared environment.
D)   nonshared environment.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

An individual suffers brain damage to one small area of the brain. As a result, he struggles to process visual information. Which area has he MOST likely injured?

Accepted Answer

A)   frontal lobe
B)   corpus callosum
C)   occipital lobe
D)   parietal lobeE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Describe the types of brain plasticity.

Accepted Answer

Plasticity is the capacity of the brain ...

Question 6

Compare and contrast experience-expectant plasticity and experience-dependent plasticity.

Accepted Answer

The collaboration between nature and nur...

Question 7

A child's genotype is directly related to

Accepted Answer

A)   the parents' genotypes.
B)   the parents' phenotypes.
C)   the child's phenotype.
D)   all of these factors.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Experience-_____ plasticity relies on normal human experience for normal brain development.

Accepted Answer

A)   dependent
B)   independent
C)   expectant
D)   protectedE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

The heritability score for athletic ability estimates the

Accepted Answer

A)   relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors in the development of an individual's athletic ability.
B)   amount of variation in athletic ability in an entire population that is due to differences in their genes.
C)   level of genetic influence on an individual's athletic ability.
D)   extent of influence of evolution on a population's athletic ability.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Which was used in a research study to determine whether the effects of family SES on school achievement could be genetically mediated?

Accepted Answer

A)   genome-wide association studies
B)   genome-wide complex trait analysis
C)   heritability analysis
D)   adoptive twin studyE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Which part of the neuron is the LARGEST in size?

Accepted Answer

A)   axon
B)   synapse
C)   cell body
D)   dendriteE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

The weight of adopted children is

Accepted Answer

A)   more strongly related to the weight of their adoptive parents than to the weight of their biological parents.
B)   more strongly related to the weight of their biological parents than to the weight of their adoptive parents.
C)   unrelated to either the weight of their biological parents or the weight of their adoptive parents.
D)   equally related to the weight of their biological and adoptive parents.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Children share _____ of their genetic material with each of their grandparents.

Accepted Answer

A)   one-half
B)   one-third
C)   one-quarter
D)   one-eighthE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which mediate the pathways between genes and behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   endophenotypes
B)   regulator genes
C)   sex chromosomes
D)   allelesE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which part of the neuron receives input from other cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   axon
B)   synapse
C)   cell body
D)   dendriteE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Which factor is NOT a component of experience-dependent plasticity?

Accepted Answer

A)   more synapses per neuron
B)   increased dendritic spines on cortical neurons
C)   thicker cortex
D)   sensitive periodsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

DTI has been used to investigate all EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   model white-matter development during early postnatal development.
B)   model myelination during early postnatal development.
C)   localization of electrical signals within the brain during activity.
D)   atypical patterns of brain connectivity among toddlers with autism.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Kim is a 4-year-old who has just been in an accident and has sustained damage to an area of the brain that is specialized for a particular skill. Her doctor tells her parents that she is lucky to be so young; she should recover her ability in this domain. Her doctor is counting on Kim's brain to

Accepted Answer

A)   create new neurons to replace the damaged ones.
B)   become rewired as a different area takes over for the damaged area.
C)   regenerate brain tissue.
D)   direct her skeletal and muscular system to work harder at the skill.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

_____ use a powerful electromagnet to detect fluctuations in cerebral blood flow in different areas of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)   EEG
B)   ERP
C)   MEG
D)   fMRIE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

The gene that codes for characteristic X has two alleles. Allele D is dominant, and allele r is recessive. If the father is homozygous for trait X with allele r and the mother is heterozygous for trait X, the chance that one of their offspring will exhibit form r for trait X is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   0%
B)   25%
C)   50%
D)   75%E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 3: Biology and Behavior

Kim is a 4-year-old who has just been in an accident and has sustained damage to an area of the brain that is specialized for a particular skill. Her doctor tells her parents that she is lucky to be so young; she should recover her ability in this domain. Her doctor is counting on Kim's brain to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which was used in a research study to determine whether the effects of family SES on school achievement could be genetically mediated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of the neuron receives input from other cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gene that codes for characteristic X has two alleles. Allele D is dominant, and allele r is recessive. If the father is homozygous for trait X with allele r and the mother is heterozygous for trait X, the chance that one of their offspring will exhibit form r for trait X is _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual suffers brain damage to one small area of the brain. As a result, he struggles to process visual information. Which area has he MOST likely injured?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The heritability score for athletic ability estimates the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the types of brain plasticity.

Correct AnswerverifiedPlasticity is the capacity of the brain ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which factor is NOT a component of experience-dependent plasticity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behavior genetic studies have revealed that fraternal twins reared together and identical twins reared together are equally similar on trait Q. This indicates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The weight of adopted children is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of the neuron is the LARGEST in size?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brain cells that are specialized for transmitting electrical messages are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DTI has been used to investigate all EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child's genotype is directly related to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ use a powerful electromagnet to detect fluctuations in cerebral blood flow in different areas of the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experience-_____ plasticity relies on normal human experience for normal brain development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast experience-expectant plasticity and experience-dependent plasticity.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe collaboration between nature and nur...View AnswerShow Answer

Children share _____ of their genetic material with each of their grandparents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which mediate the pathways between genes and behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans continue to generate new neurons throughout life, particularly in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Plasticity is the capacity of the brain ...
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The collaboration between nature and nur...
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