Question 1

Steroid hormones

Accepted Answer

A)   bind to membrane receptors.
B)   diffuse easily through the plasma membrane.
C)   act by activating cAMP.
D)   are inactivated by phosphodiesterase.
E)   are water soluble.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Most endocrine glands communicate with their target tissues using _____ signals.

Accepted Answer

A)   frequency-modulated
B)   amplitude-modulated
C)   pitch-modulated
D)   resonance-modulatedE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding hormone transport and distribution is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Only free hormones can diffuse through capillary walls and bind to target tissues.
B)   Hormones can be transported free in the plasma or bound to plasma proteins.
C)   Plasma protein concentration has no influence on free hormone concentration.
D)   Hormones bind only to certain types of plasma proteins.
E)   All of the statements are true.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E) C

Question 4

In general, the response of target cells to endocrine stimulation is _______ than their response to nervous stimulation.

Accepted Answer

A)   faster and briefer
B)   slower and more prolonged
C)   more accurate
D)   more restricted to a small area of the body
E)   more intenseF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Match the chemical signal with the appropriate description.
-neuropeptide

Accepted Answer

A)  chemicals produced by neurons that function as hormones
B)  chemicals that act locally on nearby cells
C)  chemical secreted by presynaptic terminal
D)  influences same cell type from which it is secreted
E)  chemical secreted into blood by specialized cells; travels some distance to target tissuesF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

In general, lipid-soluble hormones exhibit which type(s)  of hormone secretion pattern(s) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   chronic hormone secretion
B)   chronic and acute hormone secretion
C)   acute and episodic hormone secretion
D)   episodic hormone secretion
E)   chronic and episodic hormone secretionF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Increased testosterone levels reduce the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the anterior pituitary. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibition of hormone release by humoral stimuli
B)   inhibition of hormone release by neural stimuli
C)   inhibition of hormone release by external stimuli
D)   inhibition of hormonal release by environmental stimuli
E)   inhibition of hormone release by hormonal stimuliF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 8

Hormones act on specific tissues called _______ tissues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hormones act on specific tissues called _______...

Question 9

Match the description with the type of receptor model.
-cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP involved

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear receptor model
B)  membrane-bound receptor modelC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 10

Match the description with the type of receptor model.
-used by most lipid-soluble hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear receptor model
B)  membrane-bound receptor modelC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 11

Phosphodiesterase functions

Accepted Answer

A)   as a membrane-bound receptor molecule.
B)   to inactivate cyclic AMP.
C)   to attach phosphate groups to enzymes.
D)   to combine GTP with cyclic AMP.
E)   activates cGMP.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D) B

Question 12

All of the following are reasons why some hormones need assistance to travel in the blood except

Accepted Answer

A)   They are small enough to be easily digested by blood enzymes.
B)   They are easily filtered from the blood into the kidney tubules.
C)   They have low solubility in blood plasma due to their chemical nature.
D)   They cannot dissolve in the blood because they are water-soluble.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which intracellular mediator is directly activated by the binding of a water-soluble hormone to a membrane receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)   cGMP
B)   cAMP
C)   calmodulin
D)   phospholipase CE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

What type of chemical messenger is released from neurons to activate an adjacent cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   paracrine
B)   neurotransmitter
C)   autocrine
D)   endocrineE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Blood chemistry changes are examples of ______ stimuli, whereas sympathetic nervous system impulses are examples of _______ stimuli for hormone release.

Accepted Answer

A)   neural; humoral
B)   positive; negative
C)   Negative; positive
D)   humoral; neuralE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Emily is in labor with her first child. The amplitude-modulated system would show her oxytocin levels

Accepted Answer

A)   to have a weak signal.
B)   to have a moderate signal.
C)   to have a strong signal.
D)   too weak to measure.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

How do hormones and target cells recognize one another?

Accepted Answer

A)   by signs
B)   by the location of the target cells
C)   by the presence of specific receptor molecules on the target cells
D)   by the function of the target cells
E)   by the location of the hormonesF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Match the chemical signal with the appropriate description.
-neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)  chemicals produced by neurons that function as hormones
B)  chemicals that act locally on nearby cells
C)  chemical secreted by presynaptic terminal
D)  influences same cell type from which it is secreted
E)  chemical secreted into blood by specialized cells; travels some distance to target tissuesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Match the description with the type of receptor model.
-messenger RNA synthesis regulated

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear receptor model
B)  membrane-bound receptor modelC) A) and B)
D) undefined A

Question 20

What type of hormone-receptor action allows insulin to move glucose into cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   activation of cGMP
B)   activation of adenylate cyclase
C)   direct alteration of intracellular enzymes
D)   phosphorylation of intracellular proteinsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 17: Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Steroid hormones

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most endocrine glands communicate with their target tissues using _____ signals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding hormone transport and distribution is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

In general, the response of target cells to endocrine stimulation is _______ than their response to nervous stimulation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the chemical signal with the appropriate description. -neuropeptide

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general, lipid-soluble hormones exhibit which type(s) of hormone secretion pattern(s) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increased testosterone levels reduce the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the anterior pituitary. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones act on specific tissues called _______ tissues.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the description with the type of receptor model. -cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP involved

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the description with the type of receptor model. -used by most lipid-soluble hormones

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phosphodiesterase functions

Correct AnswerverifiedB

All of the following are reasons why some hormones need assistance to travel in the blood except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which intracellular mediator is directly activated by the binding of a water-soluble hormone to a membrane receptor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of chemical messenger is released from neurons to activate an adjacent cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood chemistry changes are examples of ______ stimuli, whereas sympathetic nervous system impulses are examples of _______ stimuli for hormone release.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emily is in labor with her first child. The amplitude-modulated system would show her oxytocin levels

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do hormones and target cells recognize one another?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the chemical signal with the appropriate description. -neurotransmitter

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the description with the type of receptor model. -messenger RNA synthesis regulated

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What type of hormone-receptor action allows insulin to move glucose into cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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B

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Blood chemistry changes are examples of stimuli, whereas sympathetic nervous system impulses are examples of _ stimuli for hormone release.

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A

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