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Among archaic peoples of Mesoamerica,__________ were located near seasonally abundant resources.


A) macrobands
B) mesobands
C) microbands
D) broadbands

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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What are the consequences of state formation?

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The Harappan civilization was located in the __________ Valley.


A) Indus
B) Yangtse
C) Nile
D) Niger

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of these modern nations falls within what archaeologists call the Fertile Crescent?


A) Syria
B) Tunisia
C) Morocco
D) Libya

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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How did the Archaic people of Highland Mesoamerica differ socially from the Natufians?


A) There is no evidence of social differences in Highland Mesoamerica.
B) There was a strict caste system in Highland Mesoamerican society.
C) The Archaic peoples had complex religious rituals, which seem to be absent in Mesoamerica.
D) The Archaic peoples were more nomadic than the peoples of Highland Mesoamerica.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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How do cities relate to a society's agricultural production?


A) Cities can arise in areas not suited to agriculture but suited to trade.
B) Cities do not require intensive agriculture, but do require domestication of plants and animals.
C) Successful cities have developed alongside all known types of subsistence economies.
D) Cities can only develop on land that is suitable for complex agriculture.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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__________ has proposed a theory of state origin stressing population growth,circumscription,and war.


A) Robert Carneiro
B) Elman Service
C) Harvey Weiss
D) Gregory Johnson

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Archaeologists can determine if an ancient society had different socioeconomic classes of people by looking at __________.


A) the differences in house size and furnishings
B) the society's population
C) how extensively agriculture was used to produce food
D) how animals were domesticated

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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In the Near East,dogs seem to have been domesticated __________.


A) before the rise of agriculture
B) alongside the shift to nomadic pastoralism
C) as a food source
D) only within the last few hundred years

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What is the relationship between broad-spectrum collecting and sedentarism?

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Which region provides archaeological support for the trade theory of state development?


A) the Yellow River vValley in China
B) the Congo River basin in Central Africa
C) the Indus Valley civilization in nNorth India
D) the Oaxacan civilization in Mexico

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Based on their site of domestication,where do you expect the wild ancestors of today's sheep and goats to have lived?


A) the Near East
B) South Asia
C) North America
D) Mesoamerica

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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A major reason for the decline of states appears to be __________.


A) environmental degradation
B) a love of the simple life
C) a return to fundamental values
D) hedonism

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Where would you go to participate in a dig at the site of the ancient state of Axum?


A) Ethiopia
B) Sudan
C) South Africa
D) Nigeria

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Most archaeologists believe that the __________ was one of the earliest centers of plant and animal domestication.


A) Fertile Crescent
B) Sahara Desert
C) African savanna
D) Kansas plain

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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How did a shift to a more sedentary lifestyle and reliance on grains affect the Natufians' health?


A) They suffered nutritional deficiency, as shown by their teeth.
B) They grew an average of 2 inches taller than previous generations.
C) Their birth rate declined.
D) They had a more diverse diet with better vitamin content.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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How does overdependence on a few staple foods increase the risk of famine?


A) The fewer the staple crops, the greater the danger to the food supply posed by crop failure.
B) Those staple foods are often also the ones used for trade.
C) Staple foods have fewer calories than other foods, which can lead to shortages.
D) Staple foods tend to be high-status foods, which leads to disputes.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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