Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of prestigious occupations?

Accepted Answer

A)   They usually require carrying out very specific tasks.
B)   They require more formal education and extensive training than other occupations.
C)   They are a result of one's inherited characteristic.
D)   They are primarily manual.
E)   They require more supervision than other occupations.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Andrew believes that social stratification is based on people's accomplishments. According to him, people will be motivated to do better if they are rewarded for what they do and how well, rather than their ascribed status. Which of the following sociological explanations supports Andrew's beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A)   The Emile Durkheim thesis
B)   Feminist theory
C)   Modernization theory
D)   World-system theory
E)   The Davis-Moore thesisF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

_____ is movement up or down a social class over one's lifetime.

Accepted Answer

A)   Intergenerational mobility
B)   Globalization
C)   Global stratification
D)   Meritocracy
E)   Intragenerational mobilityF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

The proletariat refers to those who own and control capital and the means of production and can amass wealth and power.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of upper-upper-class people?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have less autonomy and freedom from supervision compared to middle-class people.
B)   They have worked for their wealth rather than inherited it.
C)   They live on earned income rather than accumulated wealth.
D)   They are the old rich who have been wealthy for generations.
E)   They have severe restrictions in choice of occupation.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

In a closed stratification system, movement from one social position to another is limited by ascribed statuses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

_____ consists of an array of subsidies, tax breaks, and assistance that the government has created for businesses.

Accepted Answer

A)   Social welfare
B)   Social responsibility
C)   Corporate responsibility
D)   Corporate welfare
E)   Social securityF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

According to conservative economists, the increasing income and wealth gaps and low wages have:

Accepted Answer

A)   made the United States less productive.
B)   increased the dependency of the United States on poor nations.
C)   broadened the consumer spending base.
D)   encouraged many people to enter and stay in the labor force.
E)   boosted national solidarity.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following is a limitation of the symbolic interaction theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Symbolic interactionists ignore the efforts of government programs.
B)   Symbolic interactionists believe that the rich are more hardworking than the poor.
C)   Symbolic interactionists exaggerate the existence and effects of economic inequality.
D)   Symbolic interactionists do not explain why so many women succeed despite patriarchal barriers.
E)   Symbolic interactionists ignore structural factors that create and reinforce inequality.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of modernization theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   It states that wealth gaps persist across all social classes.
B)   It emphasizes the role of inheritance in social mobility.
C)   It ignores a wealth of talent among the poor.
D)   It states that low-income countries are poor because of exploitation by high-income countries.
E)   It blames poor nations for their poverty and other problems.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Briefly explain the perspectives of conflict theorists on social stratification.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Conflict theorists ma...

Question 12

Living in a wealthy country generally means that people enjoy income equality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Sarah comes from a lower-middle-class family. Her parents were teachers and relied on both their incomes to run their household. Sarah got into medical school on a scholarship and is now a doctor in a well-reputed hospital. Sarah's movement to the upper-middle class is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   intergenerational mobility
B)   downward mobility
C)   feminization of poverty
D)   intragenerational mobility
E)   relative povertyF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates corporate welfare?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phillip using Medicare to cover his medical expenses
B)   Madeline using employee discount to buy school supplies from a bookstore
C)   Castell Corp. facing cutthroat competition from other corporations in the same industry
D)   Pastel Inc. paying a reduced tax percentage on its annual earnings
E)   Hannah receiving food stamps to pay for her monthly groceriesF) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 15

Since ascribed characteristics can change, people in open stratification systems can move from one social class to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

James, a student of economics, argues that high-income countries benefit because the poor countries provide cheap labor and are subjected to exploitation by the rich nations as they are not powerful enough to protest. Which of the following theories supports James's opinion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Symbolic interaction theory
B)   Feminist theory
C)   Modernization theory
D)   Dependency theory
E)   Queer theoryF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Unlike upper-middle class, those in the lower-middle class:

Accepted Answer

A)   have less freedom from supervision in their jobs.
B)   live on earned income rather than accumulated or inherited wealth.
C)   require a college education for their jobs.
D)   are relatively isolated from the rest of the population.
E)   work in minimum wage jobs, or are often unemployed.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Identify the way in which immigration affects social mobility.

Accepted Answer

A)   It restricts intragenerational mobility.
B)   It fuels upward mobility.
C)   It increases the chances of people falling into poverty.
D)   It promotes greater equality.
E)   It leads to increases in unemployment among groups that are already in a country.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Briefly describe the features of the working class in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. The working class of ...

Question 20

Which of the following groups is most likely to have the lowest poverty rate in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Americans between ages 41 and 50
B)   Americans aged 18 and younger
C)   Americans aged 65 and older
D)   Americans between ages 20 and 30
E)   Americans between ages 31 and 40F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Exam 8: Social Stratification: United States and Global

Unlike upper-middle class, those in the lower-middle class:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of upper-upper-class people?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of modernization theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the features of the working class in the United States.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers will vary. The working class of ...View AnswerShow Answer

_____ consists of an array of subsidies, tax breaks, and assistance that the government has created for businesses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is movement up or down a social class over one's lifetime.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a limitation of the symbolic interaction theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the way in which immigration affects social mobility.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sarah comes from a lower-middle-class family. Her parents were teachers and relied on both their incomes to run their household. Sarah got into medical school on a scholarship and is now a doctor in a well-reputed hospital. Sarah's movement to the upper-middle class is an example of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to conservative economists, the increasing income and wealth gaps and low wages have:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a closed stratification system, movement from one social position to another is limited by ascribed statuses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Living in a wealthy country generally means that people enjoy income equality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The proletariat refers to those who own and control capital and the means of production and can amass wealth and power.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of prestigious occupations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly explain the perspectives of conflict theorists on social stratification.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers will vary. Conflict theorists ma...View AnswerShow Answer

Andrew believes that social stratification is based on people's accomplishments. According to him, people will be motivated to do better if they are rewarded for what they do and how well, rather than their ascribed status. Which of the following sociological explanations supports Andrew's beliefs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups is most likely to have the lowest poverty rate in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Since ascribed characteristics can change, people in open stratification systems can move from one social class to another.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

James, a student of economics, argues that high-income countries benefit because the poor countries provide cheap labor and are subjected to exploitation by the rich nations as they are not powerful enough to protest. Which of the following theories supports James's opinion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates corporate welfare?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Answers will vary. The working class of ...
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Answers will vary. Conflict theorists ma...
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