Question 1

Which enzyme transcribes genes encoding tRNA in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)   RNA polymerase I
B)   RNA polymerase II
C)   RNA polymerase III
D)   Different tRNAs are transcribed by different RNA polymerases.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

What is the need for a primer in transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)   It ensures the fidelity of the newly synthesized RNA strand.
B)   There is none.
C)   RNA polymerases requires a preexisting strand with a nucleotide having a 3' − OH.
D)   RNA polymerase requires a preexisting strand with a nucleotide having a 5' − OH.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

CREB contains the following structural motif:

Accepted Answer

A)   Helix-turn-helix
B)   β− barrel
C)   Zinc finger
D)   Leucine zipperE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

The enzyme principally responsible for RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli

Accepted Answer

A)   is a multisubunit enzyme
B)   consists of a single polypeptide chain
C)   requires Mn2+ for activity
D)   requires a DNA primerE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Polyadenylation of eukaryotic mRNA

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs at the 5' end.
B)   occurs at the 3' end.
C)   occurs at both ends.
D)   doesn't occur at all.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Splicing reactions for exons involve the following mechanisms, except :

Accepted Answer

A)   Small nuclear RNAs
B)   Ribozymes
C)   Lariat mechanisms
D)   Participation of special G residues
E)   All of these are involved in splicing reactionsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following is true concerning the first nucleotide incorporated into an RNA chain?

Accepted Answer

A)   The first nucleotide incorporated into the RNA chain retains its 5'-triphosphate
B)   The first nucleotide is always GMP
C)   The first nucleotide is always cleaved off post-transcriptionally
D)   The first nucleotide is always modified after transcriptionE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

DNA binding domains are distinct from transcription-activation domains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNA polymerases, is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are 3 different RNA polymerases in eukaryotes, instead of just one.
B)   Eukaryotic polymerases have the same number of subunits as prokaryotic ones.
C)   Only prokaryotic polymerases use sigma factor.
D)   The enzymatic mechanism is the same for both types of organisms.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 10

General transcription activation in eukaryotes requires

Accepted Answer

A)   a specific enhancer common to all genes
B)   a specific silencer common to all genes
C)   a protein called Mediator
D)   a CREB binding protein
E)   none of theseF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following correctly describes a difference between RNA & DNA polymerases?

Accepted Answer

A)   RNA polymerases usually do not need a template, while DNA polymerases do.
B)   DNA polymerases usually require a primer (i.e., they can only continue a strand, not start one) , while most RNA polymerases do not.
C)   RNA polymerases usually synthesize introns, while DNA polymerases synthesize cistrons.
D)   RNA polymerases polymerize 5' → 3', while DNA polymerases polymerize 3' → 5'.
E)   None of theseF) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

How do enhancers differ from promoters?

Accepted Answer

A)   Enhancers do not bind RNA polymerase.
B)   Enhancers include the UP element.
C)   Enhancers bind the sigma ( σ )  factor.
D)   There is no difference; these terms are synonymous.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

​ Identify the part of the RNA polymerase that constitutes the operator and the promoter and modulates the production of proteins whose amino acid sequence is specified by the structural genes under their control.

Accepted Answer

A)   Transcription start site
B)   Termination site
C)   Control site
D)   Restriction siteE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Proteins that recognize DNA with specific base sequences are

Accepted Answer

A)   more likely to bind to the major groove.
B)   more likely to bind to the minor groove.
C)   equally likely to bind to the major or minor grooves.
D)   never occur.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Minor differences in the consensus sequence for RNA Polymerase

Accepted Answer

A)   can be exploited to vary the amount of mRNA which is synthesized from that gene.
B)   dictate the direction that RNA Polymerase proceeds from the promoter.
C)   dictate whether sigma ( σ )  factor is required.
D)   never occur.
E)   have no effect on transcriptionF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Which ends of eukaryotic mRNA are protected from degradation?

Accepted Answer

A)   5' end only
B)   3' end only
C)   Both ends
D)   Neither end
E)   The RNA is circular and has no ends.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Phosphorylation of the CTD of RNA polymerase II occurs during which phase of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)   initial binding to the promoter
B)   conversion from the closed complex to the open complex
C)   termination of transcription
D)   None of theseE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

How do eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNA polymerases compare?

Accepted Answer

A)   Since eukaryotic RNA polymerases are more complex, little homology has been found between the actual protein sequences in the catalytic subunits.
B)   Since eukaryotic transcription is less complex than in prokaryotes, monomeric RNA polymerases are used.
C)   Despite their added complexity, eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNA polymerases are generally homologous.
D)   Eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNA polymerases are virtually identical.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Inducers for operons are often structurally related to the enzyme substrates of that operon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In prokaryotic RNA synthesis

Accepted Answer

A)   the rate of incorporation of nucleotides is constant throughout the elongation process
B)   the ρ (rho)  protein is always required for termination
C)   a unique series of three bases leads to termination
D)   inverted-repeat sequences in the DNA being transcribed can lead to terminationE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 11: Transcription of the Genetic Code the Biosynthesis of Rna

What is the need for a primer in transcription?

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Which of the following statements about eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNA polymerases, is false ?

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How do eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNA polymerases compare?

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General transcription activation in eukaryotes requires

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Minor differences in the consensus sequence for RNA Polymerase

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Which of the following is true concerning the first nucleotide incorporated into an RNA chain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The enzyme principally responsible for RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phosphorylation of the CTD of RNA polymerase II occurs during which phase of transcription?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Polyadenylation of eukaryotic mRNA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inducers for operons are often structurally related to the enzyme substrates of that operon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which enzyme transcribes genes encoding tRNA in eukaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In prokaryotic RNA synthesis

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DNA binding domains are distinct from transcription-activation domains.

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​ Identify the part of the RNA polymerase that constitutes the operator and the promoter and modulates the production of proteins whose amino acid sequence is specified by the structural genes under their control.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

CREB contains the following structural motif:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly describes a difference between RNA & DNA polymerases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins that recognize DNA with specific base sequences are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do enhancers differ from promoters?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Splicing reactions for exons involve the following mechanisms, except :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which ends of eukaryotic mRNA are protected from degradation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Identify the part of the RNA polymerase that constitutes the operator and the promoter and modulates the production of proteins whose amino acid sequence is specified by the structural genes under their control.

Correct Answer
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