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Exam 6: Varieties of Consciousness

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Question 21

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In human beings, sleep and wakefulness are regulated in part by the numerous cycles experienced each day (body temperature, hormonal activity, mental alertness, etc.). These rhythms are kept on schedule and synchronized with one another by the ___________________.

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Question 22

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Which of the following statements regarding the potential for harm following from use of cannabis is true?

A) No evidence exists that marijuana use leads to an increased risk of mortality from lung disease.
B) Dependence on cannabis is likely to occur after very heavy long-term recreational use.
C) Marijuana smoke does not contain as much of hazardous tar that cigarette smoke contains.
D) Cannibis has a safety ratio about equal to alcohol.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 23

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The percentage of American adults that experience at least one symptom of a sleep problem any given week is about

Which of the following statements is evidence that caffeine is not "addictive" in the classical sense of the word?

In addition to rapid eye movements and vivid dreaming, REM sleep is generally characterized by

Though some people believe that meditation involves being "zoned out," or on "another planet," meditation actually requires

According to the special state description of hypnosis, immersing one's hand in ice water for a prolonged period yet feeling no pain is evidence that hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness.

Each stage of the sleep cycle lasts 90 minutes and occurs only once during a full night's sleep.

Melatonin is secreted during darkness and promotes sleep by

Excessive intake of cannabis over a prolonged period is associated with potentially fatal liver disease, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and preventable motor vehicle and other mechanical accidents.

The sufferers of this sleep disorder experience hundreds of episodes a night, during which the brain and body do not receive enough oxygen.

As many as 30 percent to 50 percent of all Americans experience at least symptoms of ____________ at some point, but only about 2 percent to 10 percent Americans suffer from the chronic form of the sleep disorder.

Hypnosis and meditation are less understood then some other altered states of consciousness. Describe the special-state vs. nonstate debate using examples of studies of hypnotic induction procedures. Also, comment on how meditation differs from hypnosis.

Alcohol is the most widely used drug in the world, with caffeine coming in as a close second.

The category of sleep mentation known as "ordinary dreaming" mostly takes place during this phase of sleep.

Somewhat ironically, one period of the day in which people feel the most awake is at

This depressant drug had initially been marketed as a food supplement for body builders until it was discovered that it was being abused as a psychoactive drug.

All of the following are generally referred to as altered states of consciousness (ASC) , EXCEPT:

The larger this number becomes, the less toxic a drug is when given at normal doses.

If you awaken to find your roommate seemingly acting out his dream by knocking things off of his nightstand, attempting to jump around the room, and talking, he likely has this parasomnia.