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The ____________________ stage involves the use of managerial,administrative,and persuasive abilities to ensure that the chosen alternative is carried out.

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Administrative and political decision making procedures and intuition have been associated with high performance in unstable environments in which decisions must be made rapidly and under more difficult conditions.

A) True
B) False

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____ means that managers know which goals they wish to achieve,but information about alternatives and future events is incomplete.


A) Certainty
B) Risk
C) Uncertainty
D) Ambiguity
E) Advocacy

F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

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Most managers settle for a ____ rather than a(n) ____ solution.


A) minimizing; maximizing
B) satisficing; maximizing
C) top-level; bottomline
D) maximizing; satisficing
E) challenging; simple

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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____ is the step in the decision-making process in which managers analyze underlying causal factors associated with the decision situation.


A) Analysis
B) Diagnosis
C) Recognition
D) Judgment
E) Identification

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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Once the problem or opportunity has been recognized and analyzed,the decision-maker should implement the alternative.

A) True
B) False

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A decision is a choice made from available alternatives.

A) True
B) False

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Associated with the condition of ____ is the lowest possibility of failure.


A) ambiguity
B) uncertainty
C) certainty
D) risk
E) all of these

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The administrative model is considered to be normative.

A) True
B) False

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________ decisions are associated with conflicts over goals and decision alternatives,rapidly changing circumstances,fuzzy information,and unclear links among decision elements.


A) Nonprogrammed
B) Programmed
C) Wicked
D) Conventional
E) Irrational

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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The formulation stage involves the use of managerial,administrative,and persuasive abilities to ensure that the chosen alternative is carried out.

A) True
B) False

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____________________ means that all the information the decision-maker needs is fully available.

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The ____ model of decision making describes how managers actually make decisions in situations characterized by nonprogrammed decisions,uncertainty,and ambiguity.


A) normative
B) classical
C) administrative
D) scientific management
E) objective

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The recognition that people have limits on how rational they can be is known as ____________________.

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The decision-maker must ____ once the problem has been recognized and analyzed.


A) evaluate and provide feedback
B) choose among alternatives
C) generate alternatives
D) prioritize the alternatives
E) reanalyze the problem

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Personal ____ style refers to differences among people with respect to how they perceive problems and make decisions.


A) risk taking
B) behavior
C) decision
D) strategic
E) analysis

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following is the first step in the managerial decision making process?


A) Evaluation and feedback
B) Development of alternatives
C) Recognition of decision requirement
D) Diagnosis and analysis of causes
E) Selection of desired alternatives

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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People who prefer simple,clear-cut solutions to problems use the directive style.

A) True
B) False

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Scenario - Vaughn Bately Vaughn Bately manages a group of eight electrical engineers at Defiance Designs. His team is highly trained and well respected by experts both inside and outside the company. Recently one of Vaughn's engineers suggested a new technique for the development and use of an argon laser. There appeared to be rich potential for this technology, but Vaughn wasn't certain that developing this technology was the best use of his limited resources. Vaughn was facing a significant decision. -If Vaughn uses the administrative model of decision making,which of these assumptions would he reject?


A) Decision-makers settle for a satisficing rather than maximizing solution
B) The search for alternatives is limited because of information, human and resource constraints
C) Rational procedures will normally lead to the best solution in a complex organization
D) Decision objectives are often vague, conflicting, and lack consensus among managers
E) All of these are accepted

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Managers need to take a balanced approach for effective decision making.

A) True
B) False

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