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Species extinctions are inevitable so expending resources on combating species loss is pointless.

A) True
B) False

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False

Schrub vegetation refers to


A) drought resistent.
B) low shrubs and grasses with some adaptations to semiarid conditions.
C) a plant that survives seasonally unfavorable conditions underground.
D) woody plants with small, leathery evergreen leaves.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Deserts, by definition, contain very little vegetation and are represented instead by large areas of windswept sand (ergs).

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not an issue in biodiversity conservation in the 21st Century?


A) Conservation of threatened and endangered species.
B) Mitigating against the possible ill effects of climate change.
C) Reducing human population growth.
D) Biodiversity conservation in the 21st Century requires addressing threats to endangered species, climate change, and human population pressures.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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What is conservation biogeography? What are its primary focuses?

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Conservation biogeography is a subdiscip...

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Despite widespread tropical deforestation, tropical rain forests are able to quickly regenerate owing to the extremely fertile conditions in the biome.

A) True
B) False

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Rainforests occupy approximately ________ of the world's land area, but represent about ________ of Earth's species.


A) 2%; 12%
B) 7%; 50%
C) 10%; 35%
D) 12%; 65%

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The most modified biome by human activity is the midlatitude grasslands.

A) True
B) False

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The world's largest living organisms in terms of biomass occur in the boreal and montane forest biome.

A) True
B) False

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Of all the natural biomes, this one is most modified by human activity.


A) midlatitude grassland
B) tropical savanna
C) tropical rainforest
D) midlatitude broadleaf and mixed forest

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following best describes an invasive species?


A) An invasive species is any non-native introduced species, whether it becomes established or not.
B) Non-native species become invasive when they become established in a new area, taking over niches that were already occupied by native species.
C) Dispersal, even if anthropogenic, is a normal biogeographic process and, therefore, no cause of alarm.
D) Approximately 90% of all introduced non-native species become invasive species.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Each year, an area of tropical rain forest approximately the size of Wisconsin is cleared.

A) True
B) False

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What are the important factors used in defining a biogeographic realm?

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The Earth's biogeographic realms is divi...

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Which of the following best describes the vegetation of the Mediterranean shrubland biome?


A) semideciduous
B) broadleaf deciduous
C) needleleaf evergreen
D) sclerophyllous

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Earth's remaining undisturbed ecosystems have become a focus of tourism, recreation, and scientific attention.

A) True
B) False

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True

According to MacArthur and Wilson's theory of island biogeography, which of the following is correct?


A) The number of species decreases with island area.
B) The number of species increases with island area.
C) There is no relationship between species number and island area.

D) All of the above
E) A) and C)

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Distinctive oceanic regions identified on the basis of organisms, ocean floor topography, currents, areas of nutrient-rich upwelling circulation, or areas of significant predation are called


A) mariregions.
B) large marine ecosystems (LMEs) .
C) the ocean biome.
D) the littoral zone.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The largest area of tropical savanna is found in


A) Africa.
B) North America.
C) Asia.
D) Australia.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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According to MacArthur and Wilson's theory of island biogeography, which of the following is correct?


A) The number of species decreases with island isolation.
B) The number of species increases with island isolation.
C) There is no relationship between species number and island isolation.

D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

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A

Which of the following is true about the distribution of the Earth's biodiversity?


A) There is a universally accepted manner to delineate the Earth's biodiversity.
B) In general, there tends to be greater biodiversity at higher latitudes than lower latitudes.
C) The Earth's biodiversity is spread unevenly across the planet.
D) The distribution of the Earth's biodiversity is driven solely by climate.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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