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Bioeffects have not been observed in experimental animals with focused intensities below ________.


A) 1 mW/cm2 spatial peak-temporal average (SPTA)
B) 10 mW/cm2 SPTA
C) 1 mW/cm2 spatial peak-temporal peak (SPTP)
D) 10 mW/cm2 SPTP

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) strongly discourages nonmedical use of ultrasound.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Plant studies are useful primarily for ________.


A) identifying focal lesion production
B) understanding cavitational effects in living tissue
C) determining conditions under which thermal effects occur
D) determining conditions under which nonthermal effects occur

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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For exposure duration up to fifty hours,there have been no significant adverse biological effects observed from temperature increases £ 2 °C above normal.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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A significant increase in the temperature of tissues close to the transducer is a result of ________.


A) transducer self-heating
B) warm coupling medium
C) thickness of the element
D) propagation speed of the element

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Attenuation in soft tissue is due primarily to ________.


A) refraction
B) absorption
C) reflection
D) transmission

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Ultrasound produces a temperature increase as it propagates through tissues.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The output of some currently available diagnostic ultrasound devices can generate levels that produce hemorrhage in the lungs of laboratory animals.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Doppler test objects and flow phantoms are not able to evaluate gate location.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Bioeffects are useful in therapeutic applications of ultrasound.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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