Question 1

Which pattern of post-synaptic excitation will most likely result in an action potential?​

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid sequence of EPSPs
B)  ​rapid sequence of IPSPs
C)  ​large number of simultaneous IPSPs
D)  large number of simultaneous IPSPs and EPSPsE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

What is the synaptic cleft?​

Accepted Answer

A)  the gap between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron
B)  ​a packet that stores neurotransmitter molecules for release
C)  ​a subthreshold depolarization mechanism
D)  the long-term storage location for calcium ionsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Increased permeability to which type of ion would most likely result in an IPSP?​

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium
B)  ​potassium
C)  ​calcium
D)  bicarbonateE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

Which terms refers to a chemical that binds to another chemical?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ligand
B)  ​electrolyte
C)  ​vesicle
D)  autoreceptorE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

You are eating a food containing tryptophan.What can you consume with it to increase its entry to the brain?​

Accepted Answer

A)  phenylalanine
B)  ​carbohydrates
C)  ​fats
D)  thiamineE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Exocytosis is the process by which neurotransmitters are ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  released from the presynaptic neuron
B)  ​synthesized
C)  ​destroyed
D)  secreted into synaptic vesiclesE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Electrical communication between neurons is faster than chemical communication within neurons.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The "decision" for a neuron to fire is determined by the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  number of EPSPs only
B)  ​spontaneous firing rate
C)  ​number of IPSPs only
D)  ratio of EPSPs to IPSPsE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Autoreceptors monitor the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  number of action potentials
B)  ​extracellular sodium concentration
C)  ​amount of neurotransmitter released
D)  amount of reuptakeE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Ionotropic effects are characterized by ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid and short-lived effects
B)  ​rapid and long lasting effects
C)  ​excitatory effects only
D)  inhibitory effects onlyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

What is the primary difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?​

Accepted Answer

A)  Only spatial summation can produce an action potential.
B)  ​Spatial summation depends on contributions from more than one sensory neuron.
C)  ​Temporal summation produces a hyperpolarization instead of a depolarization.
D)  Spatial summation alters the response of more than one postsynaptic cell.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Only sensory neurons are found in a reflex arc.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The primary difference between an EPSP and an action potential is that ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  the magnitude of an action potential decreases as it travels along the membrane
B)  ​EPSPs occur without sodium ions entering the cell
C)  ​action potentials are always hyperpolarizations
D)  EPSPs are subthreshold events that decay over time and spaceE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

What happens when a neurotransmitter is released by a presynaptic cell?​

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes calcium to rush into the presynaptic neuron.
B)  ​It causes calcium to rush into the postsynaptic neuron.
C)  ​The neurotransmitter passively spreads across the synaptic cleft.
D)  The neurotransmitter is actively transported across the synaptic cleft.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Many neurons release neuropeptides mostly from the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  vesicles
B)  ​nodes
C)  ​axons
D)  dendritesE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Insulin increases the entry of tryptophan into the brain by ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  weakening the blood-brain barrier
B)  ​converting tryptophan into a compound that more easily enters the brain
C)  ​increasing metabolic activity only in those areas of the brain that use tryptophan
D)  causing certain competing amino acids to enter other cells, outside the brainE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Spatial summation is the result of synaptic inputs from different locations arriving at the same time.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Most of the known neurotransmitters are synthesized from amino acids.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

At synapses,the cell that receives the message is called the presynaptic neuron.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: Synapses

What happens when a neurotransmitter is released by a presynaptic cell?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary difference between an EPSP and an action potential is that ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many neurons release neuropeptides mostly from the ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ionotropic effects are characterized by ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Electrical communication between neurons is faster than chemical communication within neurons.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "decision" for a neuron to fire is determined by the ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insulin increases the entry of tryptophan into the brain by ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Autoreceptors monitor the ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which terms refers to a chemical that binds to another chemical?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At synapses,the cell that receives the message is called the presynaptic neuron.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exocytosis is the process by which neurotransmitters are ____.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which pattern of post-synaptic excitation will most likely result in an action potential?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the synaptic cleft?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the known neurotransmitters are synthesized from amino acids.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are eating a food containing tryptophan.What can you consume with it to increase its entry to the brain?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spatial summation is the result of synaptic inputs from different locations arriving at the same time.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increased permeability to which type of ion would most likely result in an IPSP?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Only sensory neurons are found in a reflex arc.​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What happens when a neurotransmitter is released by a presynaptic cell?

Correct Answer
verified

The primary difference between an EPSP and an action potential is that ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Many neurons release neuropeptides mostly from the ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Ionotropic effects are characterized by ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Electrical communication between neurons is faster than chemical communication within neurons.

Correct Answer
verified

The "decision" for a neuron to fire is determined by the ____.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the primary difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?

Correct Answer
verified

Insulin increases the entry of tryptophan into the brain by ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Autoreceptors monitor the ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Which terms refers to a chemical that binds to another chemical?

Correct Answer
verified

At synapses,the cell that receives the message is called the presynaptic neuron.

Correct Answer
verified

Exocytosis is the process by which neurotransmitters are ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.

Correct Answer
verified

Which pattern of post-synaptic excitation will most likely result in an action potential?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the synaptic cleft?

Correct Answer
verified

Most of the known neurotransmitters are synthesized from amino acids.

Correct Answer
verified

You are eating a food containing tryptophan.What can you consume with it to increase its entry to the brain?

Correct Answer
verified

Spatial summation is the result of synaptic inputs from different locations arriving at the same time.

Correct Answer
verified

Increased permeability to which type of ion would most likely result in an IPSP?

Correct Answer
verified

Only sensory neurons are found in a reflex arc.

Correct Answer
verified