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Exam 5: Race and Racism

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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Brazilians have hundreds of ways of categorizing people according to race. The particular system they use is based on a continuum of what?

A) language
B) ethnicities
C) genotypes
D) color shades

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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Since racial categorization in Brazil is not exclusively a function of skin color, Brazilians can change their racial identity through a change in what characteristic?

A) political affiliation
B) hairstyle
C) kinship
D) affluence

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Question 23

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In Brazil, race is not merely a matter of skin color but also includes consideration of what?

A set of ideas about a group of people, such as, "All Irishmen are drunks who beat their wives," or "All Arabs are terrorists," can make it seem natural and normal to discriminate against these groups. What kind of racism is this called?

Explain the concept of racialization and how it applies to Middle Eastern people in the United States. Why is this process reflected in the New York school system as studied by Maria Kromidas?

A person may inherit a genetic pattern for above-average height, but may only reach average height due to poor nutrition. What is this an expression of?

The current argument over whether to build a wall between Mexico and the United States reflects, in part, what long-standing aspect of how race is constructed and managed in the United States?

What example does Jonathan Marks use as a useful way to consider the inherent problem of racially dividing people?

The story of Shellcracker Haven and how the local white residents were gradually disenfranchised from their lives and work because of their class status is a strong reflection of the tendency to do what to others?

Patterns by which racial inequality is structured through key cultural institutions, policies, and systems are referred to as ________.

How does the U.S. census, taken every ten years since 1790, provide a window into the changing conception of "race"?

If a person inherits genes for a dark complexion and blue eyes from his or her parents, what aspect of inheritance does this refer to?

What specific term do we use for the process of categorizing, differentiating, and attributing a particular racial characteristic to a person or group of people?

Which term refers to laws implemented after the U.S. Civil War to legally enforce segregation, particularly in the South after the end of slavery?

A primary difference between the early census process and the census of 2010 was the:

The process of categorizing, differentiating, and attributing a particular racial character to a person or group of people, is referred to as what?

Despite the initial racist attitudes directed toward Irish, Jewish, and Italian immigrants, these groups eventually "became white" through:

We can understand the observable differences in body ratios-height versus width-that anthropologists have documented as a matter of ________, or the way genes are expressed in an organism's physical form.

Compare and contrast the concepts of individual racism with institutional racism. Provide examples from class to support your points.

Identify three reasons why anthropologists feel that the concept of "race" is a flawed system of classification, and give an example to support each reason.