Question 1

Cytotoxic T-cell activation requires the presentation of the same antigen by macrophages and (somatic) body cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following DOES NOT correctly complete this statement: The MHC (major histocompatibility complex)  is important in

Accepted Answer

A)   distinguishing self from non-self.
B)   recognizing infected cells.
C)   identifying bacterial pathogens.
D)   identifying abnormal cells.
E)   presenting antigenic determinants.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

Hypermutation refers to the process by which immunoglobulin gene domains recombine to form a diverse array of antibodies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

You are trying to determine if honeybees have social immunity to nosema, an economically devastating parasite that attacks adult honeybees. You mark some honeybees with a spot of red dye and expose them to a solution containing a sublethal dose of the parasites. Another set of honeybees is exposed to the same solution without parasites. After this exposure, you mix some of the unmarked bees with the marked bees (Mixed Group) . The rest of the unmarked bees are not mixed with other bees (Unmixed Group) . If honeybees can develop social immunity to nosema, what are the expected results of your experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)   The marked honeybees will mostly survive, but the unmarked bees of both groups will mostly die.
B)   The unmarked honeybees in the Mixed Group will have a higher survival rate than those in the Unmixed Group.
C)   The unmarked honeybees in the Mixed Group will have a lower survival rate than those in the Unmixed Group.
D)   The unmarked honeybees in the Mixed Group will have a higher survival rate than the marked honeybees.
E)   There is no way to predict the results based on the information given.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

All cells in our body (e.g., a neuron or muscle cell)  possess a type of protein that the immune system uses to identify them as our own cells. This protein is

Accepted Answer

A)   CD4.
B)   lactoferrin.
C)   MHC I.
D)   MHC II.
E)   antigen.F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

Accepted Answer

A)   tonsils
B)   spleen
C)   lymph node
D)   bone marrow
E)   circulatory systemF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

Cell mediated immunity is mostly the function of

Accepted Answer

A)   cytotoxic T cells.
B)   B cells.
C)   helper T cells.
D)   complement cells.
E)   mast cells.F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 8

Which of the following best characterizes the process of clonal selection that occurs after exposure to a particular pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)   B cells show the ability to adapt the specific type of receptors they produce and so all B cells in the body undergo an alteration to respond to a particular infection.
B)   Only a small subset of B cells will have receptors that bind a particular pathogen and it is specifically these cells that are stimulated to multiply to fight the infection.
C)   Pathogens typically reproduce clonally and "clonal selection" refers to the process of selection among pathogen lines to determine which are successful during host infection.
D)   All of the statements are accurate characterizations of the process of clonal selectionE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

______ release the cytokines IL-1 and TNF, which activate _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   Helper T cells, B cells
B)   Macrophages, complement
C)   Helper T cells, antigen presenting cells
D)   Macrophages, helper T cells
E)   Non-antigenic cells, CD4 cellsF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

During inflammation, nitric oxide secreted from endothelial cells causes swelling of the surrounding tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Antigens specifically associate with an antibody's

Accepted Answer

A)   hinge region.
B)   heavy chain constant regions only.
C)   variable regions of the heavy chains and light chains combined.
D)   light chain variable regions only.
E)   tail.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B) C

Question 12

Immunoglobulins inactivate microbes in all of the following ways except via

Accepted Answer

A)   perforating the microbial cell membrane.
B)   binding toxins.
C)   linking microbes to complement proteins.
D)   opsonization.
E)   perforating membranes or binding toxins.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

What is "social immunity"?

Accepted Answer

A)   The immunity acquired by disease transmission from nest mate to nest mate.
B)   The immunity acquired by lining colony nests with antimicrobial secretions.
C)   The prevention of infection by quick removal of dead and diseased animals from the nest.
D)   The transfer of infection resistance from immunized to susceptible organisms.
E)   The immunity acquired by dilution of a pathogen's effectiveness in a large population.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 14

The activation of B cells involves

Accepted Answer

A)   activation of B helper cells.
B)   activation of complement.
C)   secretion of interferon.
D)   secretion of IL-2.
E)   binding of helper T cells to class I MHC proteins.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

You are trying to determine if honeybees have social immunity to nosema, an economically devastating parasite that attacks adult honeybees. You mark some honeybees with a spot of red dye and expose them to a solution containing a sublethal dose of the parasites. Another set of honeybees is exposed to the same solution without parasites. After this exposure, you mix some of the unmarked bees with the marked bees (Mixed Group) . The rest of the unmarked bees are not mixed with other bees (Unmixed Group) . When you expose both the Mixed and Unmixed groups of bees to a lethal dose of the parasite, all the bees die. What might you conclude from this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)   The marked honeybees exposed the unmarked bees to a lethal dose of the parasite.
B)   There is no social immunity for nosema in honeybees.
C)   There is social immunity, but only at a sublethal dose.
D)   There is no social immunity, but there is humoral immunity.
E)   There is both social and nonspecific immunity for nosema in honeybees.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 16

The initial stages of the inflammatory response are characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   the release of cytokines.
B)   vasodilation.
C)   leukocyte movement through the capillary wall.
D)   the release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells.
E)   All of these statements are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 17

RAG-1 is an enzyme involved in creating immunoglobulin light chains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which type of phagocytic immune cell would you find in the nasal epithelium?

Accepted Answer

A)   monocyte
B)   macrophage
C)   basophil
D)   mast cell
E)   natural killer cellF) B) and E)
G) A) and E) B

Question 19

IgA antibodies are involved in passive immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The reason(s)  that the body has such difficulty combating HIV infection and preventing progression to AIDS is because

Accepted Answer

A)   HIV mutates slowly.
B)   HIV targets both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
C)   HIV blocks antigen recognition by macrophages.
D)   HIV destroys MHC molecules.
E)   HIV blocks the inflammatory response.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 53: Immune Systems

Cytotoxic T-cell activation requires the presentation of the same antigen by macrophages and (somatic) body cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following DOES NOT correctly complete this statement: The MHC (major histocompatibility complex) is important in

Correct Answer
verified

Hypermutation refers to the process by which immunoglobulin gene domains recombine to form a diverse array of antibodies.

Correct Answer
verified
False

Correct Answer
verified

All cells in our body (e.g., a neuron or muscle cell) possess a type of protein that the immune system uses to identify them as our own cells. This protein is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

Correct Answer
verified

Cell mediated immunity is mostly the function of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best characterizes the process of clonal selection that occurs after exposure to a particular pathogen?

Correct Answer
verified

release the cytokines IL-1 and TNF, which activate _.

Correct Answer
verified

During inflammation, nitric oxide secreted from endothelial cells causes swelling of the surrounding tissue.

Correct Answer
verified

Antigens specifically associate with an antibody's

Correct Answer
verified
C

Immunoglobulins inactivate microbes in all of the following ways except via

Correct Answer
verified

What is "social immunity"?

Correct Answer
verified

The activation of B cells involves

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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The initial stages of the inflammatory response are characterized by

Correct Answer
verified

RAG-1 is an enzyme involved in creating immunoglobulin light chains.

Correct Answer
verified

Which type of phagocytic immune cell would you find in the nasal epithelium?

Correct Answer
verified
B

IgA antibodies are involved in passive immunity.

Correct Answer
verified

The reason(s) that the body has such difficulty combating HIV infection and preventing progression to AIDS is because

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 53: Immune Systems

Cytotoxic T-cell activation requires the presentation of the same antigen by macrophages and (somatic) body cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following DOES NOT correctly complete this statement: The MHC (major histocompatibility complex) is important in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hypermutation refers to the process by which immunoglobulin gene domains recombine to form a diverse array of antibodies.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All cells in our body (e.g., a neuron or muscle cell) possess a type of protein that the immune system uses to identify them as our own cells. This protein is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cell mediated immunity is mostly the function of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best characterizes the process of clonal selection that occurs after exposure to a particular pathogen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ release the cytokines IL-1 and TNF, which activate _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During inflammation, nitric oxide secreted from endothelial cells causes swelling of the surrounding tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antigens specifically associate with an antibody's

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Immunoglobulins inactivate microbes in all of the following ways except via

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is "social immunity"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The activation of B cells involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initial stages of the inflammatory response are characterized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

RAG-1 is an enzyme involved in creating immunoglobulin light chains.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of phagocytic immune cell would you find in the nasal epithelium?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

IgA antibodies are involved in passive immunity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reason(s) that the body has such difficulty combating HIV infection and preventing progression to AIDS is because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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False

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release the cytokines IL-1 and TNF, which activate _.

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C

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B

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