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Appeasement was a long-standing and often useful diplomatic device. Why did it fail in the 1930s? At what point should statesmen like Neville Chamberlain have recognized that appeasement was not a viable policy?

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Appeasement failed in the 1930s because ...

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As a result of the American decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan,


A) approximately 160,000 people were immediately killed.
B) Japan surrendered.
C) an unprecedented threat to human existence was introduced.
D) all of the choices are correct.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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D

How and why did the U.S. eventually join the war?

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The United States eventually joined the ...

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Describe the strategy of the final Allied offensive in 1944-1945.

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The final Allied offensive in 1944-1945 ...

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Why did Hitler decide to attack Stalingrad?

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Adolf Hitler's decision to attack Stalin...

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The Spanish Civil War was caused by


A) a right-wing victory at the polls that provoked a leftist revolt in the Spanish navy and airforce.
B) an insurrection in Catalonia.
C) the electoral victory of the Popular Front followed by an anti-government insurrection of the Spanish army.
D) a police massacre of left-wing demonstrators in Madrid.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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What were the major provisions of the peace settlements made with the Axis powers after World War II?

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The major provisions of the peace settle...

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One of the reasons for the failure of the negotiations between the U.S.S.R. and Britain to form an anti- German alliance was


A) the Soviets feared they were being maneuvered into bearing the brunt of Nazi attack.
B) the French were hostile to the Soviets and pressured the British to refuse an alliance.
C) the U.S.S.R. wished to annex Hungarian and Bulgarian territory, which the British refused to
D) the Soviets believed that Hitler's next target was France and the Low Countries, and thus did not feel the urgency of an alliance.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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All of the following help explain why Britain and France caved in to Hitler's demands during the 1938 Munich Crisis except


A) they had little confidence in Soviet military strength and its ability to assist Czechoslovakia.
B) British Prime Minister Chamberlain was a coward.
C) the British and French lagged behind Germany in military preparedness.
D) according to the principle of national self-determination, Germans inside Czechoslovakia had the right to join Germany.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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What was the military turning point in World War II, the point after which the Allies steadily advanced and the Axis could no longer hope to win?

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The military turning point in World War ...

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Evaluate Hitler's foreign policy between 1933 and 1939. Why did he enjoy so many successes?

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Hitler's foreign policy between 1933 and...

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At Yalta, the Big Three agreed that


A) the Soviet Union would gain territory at the expense of Poland.
B) Poland would gain territory at the expense of Germany.
C) Germany would pay reparations to the Allies.
D) all of the choices are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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What was the "final solution"?

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The "Final Solution" was the code name f...

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What weaknesses plagued western Europe, the U.S., and Russia as fascist dictators came to power elsewhere during the 1930s?

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The weaknesses that plagued Western Euro...

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Evaluate the outcome of the agreements reached at the Yalta conference. Was this outcome a consequence of the agreements themselves, or of Stalin's betrayal of the agreements? Were there other, reasonable alternatives available to Churchill and Roosevelt that might have prevented eastern Europe falling under Soviet control?

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The outcome of the agreements reached at the Yalta conference ultimately resulted in the division of Europe and the establishment of Soviet control over Eastern Europe. This outcome was a consequence of both the agreements themselves and Stalin's betrayal of those agreements. At the Yalta conference, the three major Allied powers - the United States, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain - agreed to the division of Germany and the establishment of free elections in Eastern European countries. However, Stalin's subsequent actions, such as installing pro-Soviet governments in these countries and suppressing opposition, effectively nullified the agreements made at Yalta. In hindsight, there were potentially other reasonable alternatives available to Churchill and Roosevelt that might have prevented Eastern Europe from falling under Soviet control. For example, they could have taken a firmer stance against Stalin's actions and insisted on more concrete guarantees for the independence of Eastern European countries. They could have also sought to involve other European powers, such as France, in the post-war reconstruction and governance of Europe to counterbalance Soviet influence. Ultimately, the outcome of the Yalta conference was a combination of the agreements themselves and Stalin's betrayal of those agreements. However, it is important to recognize that the complex geopolitical dynamics of the time presented significant challenges, and finding a solution that could have prevented Eastern Europe from falling under Soviet control was not a straightforward task.

How was the United Nations originally organized? What were its responsibilities?

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The United Nations was originally organi...

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How did the U.S. supply the Allies in both Europe and the Pacific?

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The United States supplied the Allies in...

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After France's defeat in 1940, it was


A) divided equally between Germany and Italy.
B) occupied entirely by Germany.
C) occupied in the north by Germany and in the south by a collaborationist French regime.
D) divided between Spain, Italy, and Germany.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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In March 1936, Hitler violated the Versailles Treaty and moved troops into the demilitarized army?


A) Hitler promised to allow the French to keep military bases in the Rhineland if they acquiesced in his moves.
B) The divided French government was unwilling to act without Britain, and the British would not risk . war to keep German troops from occupying German soil.
C) Britain was willing to intervene but the French were not willing.
D) The French would not risk war to keep German troops from occupying German soil.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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B

Where was the toll of the Holocaust on European Jews greatest outside of Germany and Poland? Compare both total numbers and percentages of the total Jewish population in your answer.

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The toll of the Holocaust on European Je...

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