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People who are forced to relocate permanently because of war, famine, and oppression are known as:


A) short-term refugees.
B) sojourners.
C) mid-term refugees.
D) long-term refugees.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Countries generally restrict immigration during economic downturns.

A) True
B) False

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The H-1B visa in the United States, given to workers in certain occupations, is an example of a(n) :


A) non-immigrant status.
B) involuntary migrant status.
C) permanent citizenship status.
D) short-term refugee status.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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People who move into new cultural contexts for a limited period of time and for a specific purpose are known as:


A) short-term refugees.
B) sojourners.
C) mid-term refugees.
D) long-term refugees.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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In the context of cultural adaptation, the social science approach focuses on:


A) how religious institutions play an important role in assisting immigrants.
B) the complex and continuous nature of cultural adaptation.
C) in-depth descriptions of the adaptation process.
D) individual characteristics and backgrounds of migrants.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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For each cultural adaptation model listed below, select the letter that best explains the model. -transition model


A) Migrants first experience excitement, then shock and disorientation, and finally adjust to the "host" culture.
B) The cultural adaptation process is similar to other adjustments in that one must find an effective strategy to adapt to the losses and changes experienced (i.e. the flight approach) .
C) To adapt, migrants must reduce ambiguity by seeking information that will help them predict people's behavior.

D) All of the above
E) A) and C)

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Describe what happens during the three stages of sojourner adaptation in the integrative model.

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The integrative model of sojourner adapt...

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According to the transitional model, _____.


A) individuals experience excitement, culture shock, and adaptation
B) adaptation is mainly a process of cognitive adjustment
C) adaptation occurs through uncertainty reduction
D) adaptation involves loss and change

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Describe the four types of contacts between migrants and the host society. What kinds of intercultural interactions result from each type of contact?

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The four types of contacts between migra...

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Most people prefer either a "fight" or a "flight" approach when dealing with new situations.

A) True
B) False

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What two primary characteristics distinguish different migrant groups?


A) language and status differences
B) length of migration and motivation for migration
C) gender and status differences
D) goals for sojourn and ability to adapt

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is true of reentry adaptation?


A) One of the best things about returning home is that the primary changes are political and cultural, not personal.
B) One of the challenges of reentry adaptation is that people do not expect to have difficulties.
C) The reentry adaptation process is completely different from the cultural adaptation process.
D) It is easier to go through reentry adaptation because people are already familiar with the norms and attitudes of their home cultures.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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The W-curve theory suggests that:


A) cultural adjustment is a long-term process of ups and downs.
B) people may experience cultural adjustment upon returning home.
C) sojourners experience excitement, shock, and then adaptation to "host" cultures.
D) cultural adjustment is a growth process.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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