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List and describe the three common types of summaries.

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The three common types of summaries are:...

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Counselors who develop a harmonious, cohesive, and supportive relationship with their client would be said to have cultivated ______.


A) genuineness.
B) empathy.
C) rapport.
D) unconditional positive regard.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Discuss why counselors should avoid using leading questions and "why" questions.

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Counselors should avoid using leading qu...

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List and describe some of the practical tips, as discussed in the text, for reflecting feelings.

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Sure, here are some practical tips for reflecting feelings as discussed in the text: 1. Use active listening: Show that you are engaged in the conversation by making eye contact, nodding, and providing verbal cues such as "I see," "I understand," or "That must have been difficult." 2. Reflect back the speaker's emotions: Use phrases like "It sounds like you were frustrated," "I hear that you felt hurt," or "It seems like you were really happy about that." 3. Pay attention to nonverbal cues: Sometimes a person's body language or tone of voice can convey their emotions more accurately than their words. Pay attention to these cues and reflect them back to the speaker. 4. Avoid judgment or evaluation: When reflecting feelings, it's important to simply acknowledge and validate the speaker's emotions without adding your own opinions or interpretations. 5. Allow for silence: Sometimes, people need time to process their emotions before they can articulate them. Give them the space to do so without feeling rushed. 6. Be genuine: It's important to reflect feelings with sincerity and empathy. Avoid using canned responses or sounding insincere. By following these practical tips, you can effectively reflect the feelings of others and demonstrate that you are actively listening and empathizing with them.

Describe the importance of staying attuned to nonverbal communication in the counseling relationship.

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Nonverbal communication plays a crucial role in the counseling relationship as it often conveys more information than verbal communication alone. Being attuned to nonverbal cues can help counselors better understand their clients' emotions, thoughts, and underlying issues. Nonverbal communication can provide insight into a client's level of comfort, their engagement in the counseling process, and their emotional state. For example, a client's body language, facial expressions, and eye contact can reveal feelings of anxiety, sadness, or resistance, which may not be explicitly expressed through words. By paying attention to these cues, counselors can adjust their approach and responses to better support their clients. Furthermore, nonverbal communication can also help counselors build rapport and trust with their clients. Being attuned to nonverbal cues shows clients that their counselor is attentive, empathetic, and understanding, which can enhance the therapeutic relationship. Overall, staying attuned to nonverbal communication in the counseling relationship is important for creating a safe and supportive environment, understanding clients on a deeper level, and effectively addressing their needs. It allows counselors to be more responsive and attuned to their clients' experiences, ultimately leading to more effective and successful therapeutic outcomes.

The microskills hierarchy includes the basic attending skills at the bottom and __________ farther up the hierarchy.


A) the basic listening sequence
B) body position
C) vocal tone
D) All of the above

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Outline three different ways that counselors can improve their ability to correctly reflect feelings.

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1. Practice active listening: Counselors...

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Discuss the various functions of paraphrasing and the key components of an effective paraphrase.

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Paraphrasing serves several important fu...

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Explain the microskills hierarchy and describe each component and its purpose.

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The microskills hierarchy is a framework...

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What are some of the key words to consider in helping you to make a reflection of meaning?

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Some of the key words to consider in hel...

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The basic listening sequence includes


A) questioning, paraphrasing, summarizing, and reflecting.
B) maintaining moderate eye contact and an open body position.
C) giving frequent feedback and advice.
D) All of the above.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Explain the basic attending skills.

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Basic attending skills refer to the foun...

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_________ is when the professional counselor reflects a feeling that is less intense than the feeling expressed by the client.


A) Overshooting
B) Undershooting
C) Mis-shooting
D) Underestimation

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Describe the difference between a paraphrase and a reflection of feeling. When should you use each?

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A paraphrase is a restatement of someone...

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Discuss the importance of building rapport with clients and four ways that a counselor can facilitate this process.

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Building rapport with clients is crucial...

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Describe how a counselor's vocal tone can affect clients' perceptions of and reactions to the counselor.

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A counselor's vocal tone can have a significant impact on clients' perceptions of and reactions to the counselor. The tone of voice can convey warmth, empathy, and understanding, which can help clients feel more comfortable and open during counseling sessions. On the other hand, a harsh or judgmental tone can make clients feel defensive and resistant to the counselor's guidance. A counselor's vocal tone can also influence how clients interpret the counselor's intentions and emotions. A gentle and soothing tone can signal to clients that the counselor is caring and supportive, while a monotone or disinterested tone may lead clients to feel unimportant or unheard. Furthermore, a counselor's vocal tone can affect the overall atmosphere of the counseling session. A calm and reassuring tone can create a sense of safety and trust, while a tense or agitated tone may create an atmosphere of tension and discomfort. Ultimately, a counselor's vocal tone plays a crucial role in building rapport and establishing a positive therapeutic relationship with clients. It is important for counselors to be mindful of their tone of voice and strive to communicate in a way that conveys empathy, understanding, and support.

Discuss two situations when maintaining moderate eye contact with clients may be more harmful than helpful.

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Maintaining moderate eye contact with cl...

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Practical tips for identifying and reflecting feeling include


A) pay attention to the client's behavior.
B) do not repeat the client's exact words.
C) reflect mixed emotions when appropriate.
D) All of the above.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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List and describe four important attending behaviors, and discuss how they facilitate the counseling relationship.

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1. Active listening: This involves givin...

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Describe the purpose of reflecting feelings and the effects that accurate reflecting can have on clients.

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The purpose of reflecting feelings is to...

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