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Define the levels of influence in the socio-ecological approach.

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The socio-ecological approach recognizes...

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Which of the following steps is generally found in most planning models?


A) Learning activities
B) Needs assessment
C) Policy commitment
D) Review of self-help materials

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The first set of health Objectives for the Nation (Healthy People) provided a blueprint for health promotion and disease prevention strategies.

A) True
B) False

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Epidemiology is the study of how states prevent disease outbreaks.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is the best descriptor of the socio-ecological approach?


A) Behaviors are influenced by interdependent domains
B) Social circumstances are the prominent domain that influences health behaviors
C) Genetics and the environment are the only variables of interest when developing interventions
D) Family influences are the most important determinant of health

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The number of deaths per 100,000 population is known as


A) crude rate.
B) a specific rate.
C) the mortality rate.
D) the morbidity rate.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Crude rates and adjusted rates are both expressed in terms of the total population.

A) True
B) False

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The interruption of the sequence of events to prevent an infection is descriptive of which of the following?


A) The Socio-ecological Approach
B) The Chain of Infection
C) Multicausation Design Model
D) Communicable Disease Model

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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What percentage of death could be prevented by controlling modifiable risk factors?


A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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To help change behavior, health education specialists must do more than just educate.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not considered a population-based approach?


A) Community development
B) Economic supports
C) Organizational change
D) Individual conversation with a physician

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A rate for a specific population subgroup (e.g. death rate for 40-50 year olds) is referred to as


A) crude rate.
B) a specific rate.
C) the mortality rate.
D) the morbidity rate.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The greatest potential for reducing morbidity, saving lives, and reducing health care costs in the United States through health promotion and disease prevention was realized by the


A) early 1900s.
B) late 1950s.
C) mid 1970s.
D) early 2000s.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The body of knowledge, principles, and concepts used in health education/promotion come from a variety of disciplines. Which one of the following is not one the major disciplines supporting health education/promotion?


A) Physics
B) Biology
C) Sociology
D) Medical sciences

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The determinants of health include which of the following domains?


A) Health services
B) Disease
C) Economic stability
D) Enrollment in higher education

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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The difference in health between populations is known as


A) crude rate.
B) Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) .
C) Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) .
D) health disparity.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A rate used to express the impact of injury or disease is known as the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY).

A) True
B) False

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Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) is often described as the most comprehensive indicator of health and disease in a society.

A) True
B) False

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Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) is a measure of premature mortality.

A) True
B) False

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The average number of years of life remaining is known as the


A) death rate.
B) mortality rate.
C) life expectancy.
D) Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) .

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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