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Which of the following is NOT one of the concerns associated with the practice of null-hypothesis significance testing?


A) A statistically significant result is not necessarily important or meaningful.
B) The smaller the sample size, the easier it is to find a significant effect.
C) The criterion for a significant result is arbitrary.
D) The p-value is easy to interpret.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Cohort effects refer to differences in personality between people of different historical generations.

A) True
B) False

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Dr. Grant is creating a new measure of shyness, and she decides to include more than one item in her scale. She believes that using multiple items will lead to a more reliable measure. Dr. Grant is following which principle of measurement?


A) multitrait assessment
B) content validation
C) aggregation
D) construct validation

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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In current psychological research, men are more likely than women to participate in studies.

A) True
B) False

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If measurement errors are truly random, then they should ________.


A) never occur
B) not affect the reliability of a measure
C) not attenuate the validity of a measure
D) sum to zero

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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The technical meaning of reliability concerns ________.


A) how much measurement error is present in your assessment instrument
B) whether an instrument accurately assesses the construct it is intended to measure
C) whether an instrument correlates with a similar measure of the same construct
D) whether a sample of participants reasonably represents the population of interest

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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