Question 1

The mutation resulting in sickle cell anemia changes one base pair of DNA so it is an example of a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  point mutation
B)  frameshift mutation
C)  silent mutation
D)  missense mutationE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Which one of the following,if missing,would prevent transcription from starting?

Accepted Answer

A)  exon
B)  5' cap
C)  AUG codon
D)  poly A tailE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Which molecule or reaction supplies the energy for polymerization of nucleotides in the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  the interaction between RNA polymerase and the promoter
B)  the phosphate bonds in the nucleotide triphosphates that serve as substrates
C)  the energy released when hydrogen bonds are broken as the DNA molecule is unwound
D)  ATP onlyE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

The TATA box of the eukaryotic promoter is analogous to which structure of the prokaryotic promoter?

Accepted Answer

A)  sigma
B)  the -10 box
C)  the -35 box
D)  the site of initiationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

David Pribnow studied the base sequences of promoters in bacteria and bacterial viruses.He found two conserved regions in these promoters (the -10 box and the -35 box) .What is the function of these two regions of the promoter?

Accepted Answer

A)  They signal the initiation site.
B)  They bind the sigma subunit that is associated with RNA polymerase.
C)  They attach the correct nucleotide triphosphate to the template DNA strand.
D)  They separate the two DNA strands.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Post-translational modifications include all of the following except _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  removal of introns
B)  formation of hydrogen bonds among carbonyl and amino groups of the polypeptide backbone
C)  formation of covalent bonds between cysteine residues of the amino acid side chains
D)  addition of carbohydrates to form a glycoproteinE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Figure 16.4.
 
-Refer to Figure 16.4.During elongation,which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?

Accepted Answer

A)  E site
B)  P site
C)  A site
D)  small subunitE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Put the following events of transcription in chronological order.
1) Sigma binds to the promoter region.
2) The double helix of DNA is unwound,breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary strands.
3) Sigma binds to RNA polymerase.
4) Sigma is released.
5) Transcription begins.

Accepted Answer

A)  2,3,4,5
B)  2,3,1,4,5
C)  3,1,2,5,4
D)  3,2,1,4,5E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following is not one of the steps in initiation of translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  binding of the large ribosomal subunit to the small ribosomal subunit
B)  binding of tRNA carrying formyl methionine to the start codon and small ribosomal subunit
C)  recognition and binding of mRNA by the small ribosomal subunit
D)  formation of a polypeptide bondE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Death cap mushrooms produce a substance called alpha-amanitin.Alpha-amanitin efficiently blocks synthesis of mRNA,but not of tRNA or rRNA in eukaryotic organisms.How is that possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha-amanitin efficiently interferes with the action of RNA polymerase I,but not RNA polymerase II or III.
B)  Alpha-amanitin efficiently interferes with RNA polymerase III,but not RNA polymerase I and II.
C)  Alpha-amanitin efficiently blocks the action of one or more basic transcription factors.
D)  Alpha-amanitin efficiently interferes with the action of RNA polymerase II,but not RNA polymerase I or III.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

During elongation,RNA polymerase has three prominent channels,or grooves.These channels provide sites for all of the following,except _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a site for the double-stranded DNA molecule
B)  a site for the entry of ribonucleoside triphosphates
C)  a site for the exit of the diphosphates removed from the nucleotide triphosphates
D)  a site for the growing RNA strandE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

As scientists were unraveling the mysteries associated with transcription and translation,they discovered there was not a one-to-one correspondence between nucleotide sequence of a gene and base sequence of the mRNA it codes for.They proposed the genes-in-pieces hypothesis.How can the genes-in-pieces hypothesis be explained?

Accepted Answer

A)  Introns are noncoding segments of DNA that are present in the initial transcript,but are removed by splicing.
B)  Introns are noncoding segments of DNA that are not read or transcribed by RNA polymerase II.
C)  Exons are noncoding segments of DNA that are not read or transcribed by RNA polymerase II.
D)  Exons are noncoding segments of DNA that are present in the initial transcript,but are removed by splicing.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Once a peptide has been formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the P site and the amino acid associated with the tRNA in the A site,which process on the list occurs next?

Accepted Answer

A)  translocation
B)  reading of the next codon of mRNA
C)  initiation
D)  The codon-anticodon hydrogen bonds holding the tRNA in the A site are broken.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

If RNA polymerase is missing _____ then transcription initiation would not occur but elongation could.

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids
B)  mRNA
C)  sigma
D)  the holoenzymeE) A) and D)
F) B) and C) C

Question 15

What is the function of the group of amino acids on the RNA polymerase,called the rudder?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides the energy required for formation of phosphodiester bonds in the elongating RNA molecule.
B)  It helps unwind and open the DNA molecule.
C)  It moves template and non-template strands of DNA through channels inside the enzyme.
D)  It helps sigma bind to the RNA polymerase molecule.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following is part of a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  sigma
B)  the holoenzyme
C)  initiation factors
D)  promotersE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Ribosomes can attach to prokaryotic messenger RNA _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  once post-transcriptional modification is complete
B)  before transcription is complete
C)  once replication is complete
D)  once the primary transcript has been released from RNA polymeraseE) B) and C)
F) A) and C) B

Question 18

Put the following events of elongation in prokaryotic translation in chronological order.
1) Binding of mRNA with small ribosomal subunit
2) Recognition of initiation codon
3) Complementary base pairing between initiator codon and anticodon of initiator tRNA
4) Base pairing of the mRNA codon following the initiator codon with its complementary tRNA
5) Attachment of the large subunit

Accepted Answer

A)  1,2,3,4,5
B)  2,1,4,3,5
C)  5,4,3,2,1
D)  1,2,3,5,4E) B) and C)
F) None of the above D

Question 19

Figure 16.3.
 
-Refer to Figure 16.3.What is the function of the ACC sequence at the 3' end?

Accepted Answer

A)  It attaches to the amino acid.
B)  It base pairs with the codon of mRNA.
C)  It stabilizes the tRNA-amino acid complex.
D)  It is the active site of this ribozyme.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is _____ the functional mRNA,while a primary transcript in a prokaryotic cell is _____ the functional mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same size as;the same size as
B)  larger than;the same size as
C)  larger than;smaller than
D)  the same size as;larger thanE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 16: Transcription and Translation

The mutation resulting in sickle cell anemia changes one base pair of DNA so it is an example of a _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following,if missing,would prevent transcription from starting?

Correct Answer
verified

Which molecule or reaction supplies the energy for polymerization of nucleotides in the process of transcription?

Correct Answer
verified

The TATA box of the eukaryotic promoter is analogous to which structure of the prokaryotic promoter?

Correct Answer
verified

David Pribnow studied the base sequences of promoters in bacteria and bacterial viruses.He found two conserved regions in these promoters (the -10 box and the -35 box) .What is the function of these two regions of the promoter?

Correct Answer
verified

Post-translational modifications include all of the following except _____.

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 16.4. -Refer to Figure 16.4.During elongation,which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?

Correct Answer
verified

Put the following events of transcription in chronological order. 1) Sigma binds to the promoter region. 2) The double helix of DNA is unwound,breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary strands. 3) Sigma binds to RNA polymerase. 4) Sigma is released. 5) Transcription begins.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not one of the steps in initiation of translation?

Correct Answer
verified

Death cap mushrooms produce a substance called alpha-amanitin.Alpha-amanitin efficiently blocks synthesis of mRNA,but not of tRNA or rRNA in eukaryotic organisms.How is that possible?

Correct Answer
verified

During elongation,RNA polymerase has three prominent channels,or grooves.These channels provide sites for all of the following,except _____.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Once a peptide has been formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the P site and the amino acid associated with the tRNA in the A site,which process on the list occurs next?

Correct Answer
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If RNA polymerase is missing _____ then transcription initiation would not occur but elongation could.

Correct Answer
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C

What is the function of the group of amino acids on the RNA polymerase,called the rudder?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is part of a DNA molecule?

Correct Answer
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Ribosomes can attach to prokaryotic messenger RNA _____.

Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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D

Figure 16.3. -Refer to Figure 16.3.What is the function of the ACC sequence at the 3' end?

Correct Answer
verified

A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is _ the functional mRNA,while a primary transcript in a prokaryotic cell is _ the functional mRNA.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 16: Transcription and Translation

The mutation resulting in sickle cell anemia changes one base pair of DNA so it is an example of a _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following,if missing,would prevent transcription from starting?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which molecule or reaction supplies the energy for polymerization of nucleotides in the process of transcription?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The TATA box of the eukaryotic promoter is analogous to which structure of the prokaryotic promoter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

David Pribnow studied the base sequences of promoters in bacteria and bacterial viruses.He found two conserved regions in these promoters (the -10 box and the -35 box) .What is the function of these two regions of the promoter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Post-translational modifications include all of the following except _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 16.4. -Refer to Figure 16.4.During elongation,which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Put the following events of transcription in chronological order. 1) Sigma binds to the promoter region. 2) The double helix of DNA is unwound,breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary strands. 3) Sigma binds to RNA polymerase. 4) Sigma is released. 5) Transcription begins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not one of the steps in initiation of translation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Death cap mushrooms produce a substance called alpha-amanitin.Alpha-amanitin efficiently blocks synthesis of mRNA,but not of tRNA or rRNA in eukaryotic organisms.How is that possible?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During elongation,RNA polymerase has three prominent channels,or grooves.These channels provide sites for all of the following,except _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once a peptide has been formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the P site and the amino acid associated with the tRNA in the A site,which process on the list occurs next?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If RNA polymerase is missing _____ then transcription initiation would not occur but elongation could.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

What is the function of the group of amino acids on the RNA polymerase,called the rudder?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is part of a DNA molecule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ribosomes can attach to prokaryotic messenger RNA _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Figure 16.3. -Refer to Figure 16.3.What is the function of the ACC sequence at the 3' end?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is _____ the functional mRNA,while a primary transcript in a prokaryotic cell is _____ the functional mRNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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C

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B

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D

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A primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is _ the functional mRNA,while a primary transcript in a prokaryotic cell is _ the functional mRNA.

Correct Answer
verified