Question 1

All tumor cells that are released into the blood eventually find a compatible tissue to multiply in and create a tumor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A hallmark of cancer cells is their immortality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Many cancers create a mutation of ras.What is ras?

Accepted Answer

A)  A tumor-suppressor gene
B)  A growth-promoting gene
C)  An intracellular signaling protein that regulates cell growth
D)  A cell surface receptor that allows signaling to the nucleus about cell growthE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

Cells with mutant TP53 genes escape apoptosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

During angiogenesis, what is the role of platelet factor-4, angiostatin, endostatin, thrombospondin, and interferon-alpha and interferon-beta?

Accepted Answer

A)  They stimulate the development of new blood vessels.
B)  They facilitate the attachment of the tumor implants to new blood vessels.
C)  They inhibit the formation of new blood vessels.
D)  They prevent the formation of emboli that protect for tumor cells from host defenses.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Tumor cell markers are used to:

Accepted Answer

A)  provide a definitive diagnosis of cancer.
B)  treat certain types of cancer.
C)  predict where cancers will develop.
D)  screen individuals at high risk for cancer.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Cells from a muscle tumor show a reduced ability to form new muscle and appear highly disorganized.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  dysplasia.
B)  hyperplasia.
C)  myoplasia.
D)  anaplasia.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Some tumors initially described as benign can progress to malignant tumors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms.
-Chemotherapy

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancer cell growth
B)  Used to kill cancer cells while minimizing damage to normal structures
C)  Forms antibodies specific for tumor antigen
D)  Agents that take advantage of specific vulnerabilities in target cancer cells
E)  Provides a framework to determine treatmentF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Why do nausea and vomiting occur after cancer therapy to the abdomen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because the person is receiving chemotherapy at the same time as the radiation therapy
B)  Because the radiation is metabolized by the liver, which alters the intestinal mucosa
C)  Because the cancer in the gastrointestinal tract causes these clinical manifestations
D)  Because of the agent's direct action on the body's vomiting centersE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following represents the correct nomenclature for benign and malignant tumors of adipose tissue, respectively?

Accepted Answer

A)  Liposarcoma, lipoma
B)  Lipoma, liposarcoma
C)  Adisarcoma, adipoma
D)  Adipoma, adisarcomaE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)  a piece of chromosome 9 fuses to a piece of chromosome 22.This is an example of which mutation of normal genes to oncogenes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Point mutation
B)  Chromosome fusion
C)  Gene amplification
D)  Chromosome translocationE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Cancer is predominantly a disease of aging.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which cancers are associated with chronic inflammation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Skin, lung, and pancreatic
B)  Colon, liver, and lung
C)  Bone, blood cells, and pancreatic
D)  Bladder, skin, and kidneyE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

A pathology report stages a tumor as T₂, N₁, M₀.What is the meaning of this finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a tumor with no spread to surrounding lymph nodes and no metastasis.
B)  There are two malignant tumors and one involved lymph node with metastasis.
C)  There is a tumor with spread to surrounding lymph nodes and no metastasis.
D)  There is no tumor after two biopsies and one lymph node biopsy and no metastasis.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Burkitt lymphomas designate a chromosome that has a piece of chromosome 8 fused to a piece of chromosome 14.This is an example of which mutation of normal genes to oncogenes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Point mutation
B)  Chromosome translocation
C)  Gene amplification
D)  Chromosome fusionE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

What is the most common route for distant metastasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seeding
B)  Blood
C)  Lymphatics
D)  Invasion
E)  ProliferationF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Normally, which cells, are considered immortal (never die) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Germ cells
B)  Stems cells
C)  Blood cells
D)  Epithelial cells
E)  Muscle cellsF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Match the description with its corresponding term.
-Pleomorphic

Accepted Answer

A)  Loss of differentiation
B)  Cancer cells secrete growth factor for their own growth
C)  Cells that vary in size and shape
D)  Unaltered normal allele
E)  Responsible for maintenance of genomic integrityF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Autocrine stimulation is the ability of cancer cells to:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate angiogenesis to create their own blood supply.
B)  stimulate secretions that turn off normal growth inhibitors.
C)  secrete growth factors that stimulate their own growth.
D)  divert nutrients away from normal tissue for their own use.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Exam 11: Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Which cancers are associated with chronic inflammation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A pathology report stages a tumor as T₂, N₁, M₀.What is the meaning of this finding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cancer is predominantly a disease of aging.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tumor cell markers are used to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells with mutant TP53 genes escape apoptosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hallmark of cancer cells is their immortality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells from a muscle tumor show a reduced ability to form new muscle and appear highly disorganized.This is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most common route for distant metastasis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During angiogenesis, what is the role of platelet factor-4, angiostatin, endostatin, thrombospondin, and interferon-alpha and interferon-beta?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All tumor cells that are released into the blood eventually find a compatible tissue to multiply in and create a tumor.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the phrases with the corresponding terms. -Chemotherapy

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Autocrine stimulation is the ability of cancer cells to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following represents the correct nomenclature for benign and malignant tumors of adipose tissue, respectively?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) a piece of chromosome 9 fuses to a piece of chromosome 22.This is an example of which mutation of normal genes to oncogenes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some tumors initially described as benign can progress to malignant tumors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do nausea and vomiting occur after cancer therapy to the abdomen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normally, which cells, are considered immortal (never die) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Burkitt lymphomas designate a chromosome that has a piece of chromosome 8 fused to a piece of chromosome 14.This is an example of which mutation of normal genes to oncogenes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the description with its corresponding term. -Pleomorphic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many cancers create a mutation of ras.What is ras?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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