Question 1

Sea level rises locally, and marine sediments are deposited on top of terrestrial sediments during events termed

Accepted Answer

A)  transgressions.
B)  regressions.
C)  turbidity currents.
D)  cross bedding.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

A well-sorted sandstone with asymmetric ripples was MOST likely deposited as sand by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  river (far from source) .
B)  glacier.
C)  river (near source) .
D)  alluvial fan.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Lithification, the process by which sediments are turned into sedimentary rocks, includes

Accepted Answer

A)  erosion and transportation.
B)  transportation and cementation.
C)  erosion and deposition.
D)  compaction and cementation.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Consult the figure below. Here, distinct internal laminations are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layers. This is termed __________ bedding.

Accepted Answer

A)  graded
B)  cross
C)  horizontal
D)  tiltedE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

If a geologist found preserved polygonal cracks in a sedimentary rock, he or she could conclude that the environment in which they formed

Accepted Answer

A)  was once covered in wet mud.
B)  was once covered by a glacier.
C)  has been subjected to a major climate change event.
D)  was the site of a mass extinction event.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Grains become rounded primarily during

Accepted Answer

A)  weathering at the outcrop.
B)  lithification.
C)  transportation.
D)  deposition.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Biochemical limestones are dominated by carbonate mud and fragments of

Accepted Answer

A)  siliceous shells of planktonic diatoms and foraminifera.
B)  skeletons of marine invertebrates made of calcite and aragonite.
C)  the phosphate-rich bones of fish.
D)  the organic breakdown products of wood and leaves from trees.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Limestone can be either a biochemical or a chemical sedimentary rock. Explain how both types of limestone are formed. Make sure to describe the environments in which they were formed.

Accepted Answer

Fossiliferous limestone is a type of bio...

Question 9

The elevation of a mountain could be slowly decreased by weathering and

Accepted Answer

A)  lithification.
B)  sedimentation.
C)  erosion.
D)  depositionE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Large layers of cross-bedded sand can be indicative of a ____________ environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  submarine
B)  beach
C)  desert
D)  fluvialE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

If a geologist finds thick accumulations of fossiliferous limestone, in what type of basin might they have been formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  passive-margin
B)  intracontinental
C)  rift
D)  forelandE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is FALSE? Compared with arkose, quartz sandstone

Accepted Answer

A)  contains more angular grains.
B)  does not contain significant amounts of feldspar.
C)  is likely to be found farther away from weathering granitic source rock.
D)  is considered to be more compositionally mature.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The image below shows a series of graded beds. How many full sets of graded beds are shown?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  3
C)  12
D)  15E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

The image below shows a layer of ________, which is an accumulation of dead plant material.

Accepted Answer

A)  limestone
B)  coal
C)  sandstone
D)  chalkE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Compared with metamorphism, diagenesis

Accepted Answer

A)  is exactly the same thing.
B)  takes place at lower temperatures and pressures.
C)  takes place at higher temperatures and pressures.
D)  takes place at greater depths that are well within the mantle.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following does NOT reflect transport distance?

Accepted Answer

A)  angularity
B)  type of cement
C)  rounding
D)  mineral contentE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following processes involves the creation of ions in solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  deposition
B)  transportation
C)  erosion
D)  weatheringE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

What is an alluvial fan? How is it different from a marine delta?

Accepted Answer

An alluvial fan is a wedge-shaped accumu...

Question 19

Describe the depositional environment that can account for the red bed sandstones in this picture.

Accepted Answer

The sandstones were likely for...

Question 20

In which type of basin would it be possible to find oil forming and why?

Accepted Answer

Passive-margin basins are form...

Exam 5: A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

Lithification, the process by which sediments are turned into sedimentary rocks, includes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biochemical limestones are dominated by carbonate mud and fragments of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a geologist finds thick accumulations of fossiliferous limestone, in what type of basin might they have been formed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sea level rises locally, and marine sediments are deposited on top of terrestrial sediments during events termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with metamorphism, diagenesis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is FALSE? Compared with arkose, quartz sandstone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The elevation of a mountain could be slowly decreased by weathering and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a geologist found preserved polygonal cracks in a sedimentary rock, he or she could conclude that the environment in which they formed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Limestone can be either a biochemical or a chemical sedimentary rock. Explain how both types of limestone are formed. Make sure to describe the environments in which they were formed.

Correct AnswerverifiedFossiliferous limestone is a type of bio...View AnswerShow Answer

Large layers of cross-bedded sand can be indicative of a ____________ environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which type of basin would it be possible to find oil forming and why?

Correct AnswerverifiedPassive-margin basins are form...View AnswerShow Answer

The image below shows a series of graded beds. How many full sets of graded beds are shown?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the depositional environment that can account for the red bed sandstones in this picture.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe sandstones were likely for...View AnswerShow Answer

Grains become rounded primarily during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes involves the creation of ions in solution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is an alluvial fan? How is it different from a marine delta?

Correct AnswerverifiedAn alluvial fan is a wedge-shaped accumu...View AnswerShow Answer

A well-sorted sandstone with asymmetric ripples was MOST likely deposited as sand by a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consult the figure below. Here, distinct internal laminations are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layers. This is termed __________ bedding.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does NOT reflect transport distance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The image below shows a layer of ________, which is an accumulation of dead plant material.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Fossiliferous limestone is a type of bio...
View Answer

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Passive-margin basins are form...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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The sandstones were likely for...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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An alluvial fan is a wedge-shaped accumu...
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Correct Answer
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