Question 1

What does Owen Lovejoy's provisioning hypothesis propose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bipedalism meant less body surface to expose to the sun,resulting in a smaller body size.
B)  Monogamy and food provisioning created the necessity for bipedalism.
C)  Bipedalism arose in areas where the forest was disappearing.
D)  Bipedalism arose as a result of a shift to hunting as a primary source of food.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B) B

Question 2

The earliest australopithecines first show up in the fossil record more than:

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 mya.
B)  1 mya.
C)  2 mya.
D)  4 mya.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Australopithecus robustus was likely the longest-surviving species of australopithecine in South Africa.What features did it have?

Accepted Answer

A)  a big brain,big teeth,and a big face
B)  large molars,a big face,and a sagittal crest
C)  a large body,large teeth,and a sagittal crest
D)  a big face,large teeth,and a large bodyE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Discuss the anatomical changes that occurred in the bipedal hominin and how they reflect certain habitat adaptations,and then discuss the hypotheses that propose why the change occurred.

Accepted Answer

Among other,more detailed anatomical fea...

Question 5

Ardi was adapted to life in trees and:

Accepted Answer

A)  on the ground.
B)  in the desert.
C)  near water.
D)  in snowy mountain ranges.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

An increased ability to see greater distances is one of the adaptations of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bipedalism.
B)  diurnal sleeping patterns.
C)  improved diet.
D)  becoming larger.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

What tools does the Oldowan Complex include?

Accepted Answer

A)  hand axes,flakes,and cores
B)  cobbles,flakes,and side scrapers
C)  choppers,cobbles,flakes,and bone tools
D)  choppers,hand axes,and side scrapersE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

In an ape,what is the space between the upper lateral incisor and the canine,which accommodates a large,projecting lower canine,called?

Accepted Answer

A)  a dental gap
B)  a gingival space
C)  a mesial bridge
D)  a diastemaE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Evidence indicating that Orrorin tugenensis was bipedal comes mainly from which part of the skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)  femur (thighbone) 
B)  skull
C)  foot
D)  pelvisE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following two obligate features is a hominin defined as having?

Accepted Answer

A)  speech and advanced cognition
B)  bipedal locomotion and nonhoning chewing complex
C)  bipedal locomotion and speech
D)  nonhoning chewing complex and advanced cognitionE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

You find a fossil that you are sure shows evidence of bipedalism.The presence of which of the following anatomical traits allows you to know this?

Accepted Answer

A)  a narrow pelvis
B)  posterior position of the foramen magnum
C)  opposable hallux
D)  thighbones that angle in toward the kneesE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

The adaptive radiation of the australopithecines after their split from the lineage that led to early Homo seems to have focused on:

Accepted Answer

A)  bipedalism.
B)  mastication.
C)  brain size increase.
D)  body size increase.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Thick dental enamel in ________ helps with crushing food.

Accepted Answer

A)  gorillas
B)  hominins
C)  chimpanzees
D)  eosimiansE) A) and B)
F) None of the above B

Question 14

A pre-australopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  nonhoning dentition,primitive apelike traits,and increased brain size
B)  modified honing dentition,primitive apelike traits,and increased brain size
C)  modified honing dentition,primitive apelike traits,and small brain size
D)  nonhoning dentition,loss of apelike traits,and small brain sizeE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

What do distinctive traits of robust australopithecines include?

Accepted Answer

A)  small front teeth,large back teeth,a big face,and a sagittal crest
B)  a small brain and a large body
C)  large front teeth,large back teeth,and no sagittal crest
D)  a large diastema and no sagittal crestE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Based on the morphology of the hand phalanx,where did Orrorin tugenensis live?

Accepted Answer

A)  a dry savannah
B)  a woodland environment
C)  a jungle environment
D)  a forest environmentE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Adaptations by hominins include using tools and tool making.To what are these adaptations linked?

Accepted Answer

A)  improved diet
B)  bipedalism
C)  sleeping
D)  becoming largerE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Ardi's intermediate form of bipedality included the use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  longer hind limbs for clinging and leaping.
B)  palms and feet to move along tree branches.
C)  long phalanges to wrap around tree branches.
D)  a tail to grip tree trunks.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above B

Question 19

Beginning more than 3 mya,at least two lineages of hominin emerged,one that led to the genus Homo and one that:

Accepted Answer

A)  included the now extinct descendants of Au.afarensis.
B)  gave rise to the genus Ardipithecus.
C)  was an evolution of other australopithecine lineages.
D)  ended with Au.africanus.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

What was Piltdown Man? Why was it significant?

Accepted Answer

"Piltdown Man" refers to a skull discove...

Exam 10: Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

What does Owen Lovejoy's provisioning hypothesis propose?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The earliest australopithecines first show up in the fossil record more than:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Australopithecus robustus was likely the longest-surviving species of australopithecine in South Africa.What features did it have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the anatomical changes that occurred in the bipedal hominin and how they reflect certain habitat adaptations,and then discuss the hypotheses that propose why the change occurred.

Correct AnswerverifiedAmong other,more detailed anatomical fea...View AnswerShow Answer

Ardi was adapted to life in trees and:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An increased ability to see greater distances is one of the adaptations of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What tools does the Oldowan Complex include?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an ape,what is the space between the upper lateral incisor and the canine,which accommodates a large,projecting lower canine,called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence indicating that Orrorin tugenensis was bipedal comes mainly from which part of the skeleton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following two obligate features is a hominin defined as having?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You find a fossil that you are sure shows evidence of bipedalism.The presence of which of the following anatomical traits allows you to know this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adaptive radiation of the australopithecines after their split from the lineage that led to early Homo seems to have focused on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thick dental enamel in ________ helps with crushing food.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A pre-australopithecine most likely has which of the following characteristics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do distinctive traits of robust australopithecines include?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the morphology of the hand phalanx,where did Orrorin tugenensis live?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adaptations by hominins include using tools and tool making.To what are these adaptations linked?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ardi's intermediate form of bipedality included the use of:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Beginning more than 3 mya,at least two lineages of hominin emerged,one that led to the genus Homo and one that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was Piltdown Man? Why was it significant?

Correct Answerverified"Piltdown Man" refers to a skull discove...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
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B

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Among other,more detailed anatomical fea...
View Answer

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B

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B

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"Piltdown Man" refers to a skull discove...
View Answer