Question 1

Which of the following processes is classified as a metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein synthesis
B)  osmosis
C)  cell lysis
D)  passive diffusionE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

Accepted Answer

A)  energy and transport proteins; down
B)  transport proteins; down
C)  energy and transport proteins; against
D)  transport proteins; againstE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

ATP can be used as the cell's energy exchange mechanism because

Accepted Answer

A)  endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the formation of ATP from ADP.
B)  ATP is the most energy-rich small molecule in the cell.
C)  endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the hydrolysis of high-energy phosphate bonds in ATP.
D)  ATP is a disposable form of chemical energy, used once and then discarded by the cell.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Phagocytosis is to eating as pinocytosis is to

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis.
B)  drinking.
C)  chewing.
D)  lysis.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) ________ reaction to drive a(n) ________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  exergonic; endergonic
B)  endergonic; exergonic
C)  exergonic; spontaneous
D)  spontaneous; exergonicE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

According to ________, energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Accepted Answer

A)  Aristotle's first principle
B)  the first law of thermodynamics
C)  the second law of thermodynamics
D)  the third law of thermodynamicsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Aquaporins

Accepted Answer

A)  allow water to cross the plasma membrane via facilitated diffusion.
B)  allow water to cross the plasma membrane against its concentration gradient.
C)  allow for the active transport of water.
D)  are found in all cells.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment

Accepted Answer

A)  is isotonic to the protozoan.
B)  is hypotonic to the protozoan.
C)  contains a higher concentration of solutes than the protozoan.
D)  is hypertonic to the protozoan.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

The energy required to initiate an exergonic reaction is called

Accepted Answer

A)  exergonic energy.
B)  endergonic energy.
C)  input energy.
D)  activation energy.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis.
B)  active transport.
C)  pinocytosis.
D)  passive transport.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true for all types of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins are needed to transport molecules across the membrane.
B)  The concentration gradient is the driving force.
C)  Only small polar molecules are able to cross the plasma membrane.
D)  Ions never cross the plasma membrane by passive transport.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Living systems

Accepted Answer

A)  violate the first law of thermodynamics.
B)  violate the second law of thermodynamics.
C)  decrease their entropy while increasing the entropy of the universe.
D)  are examples of a closed system.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

In the lab, you use a special balloon that is permeable to water but not sucrose to make an "artificial cell." The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water. Which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water will leave the balloon.
B)  Water will enter the balloon.
C)  Sucrose will leave the balloon.
D)  Sucrose will enter the balloon.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 14

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will

Accepted Answer

A)  exhibit a net movement to the side with lower free water concentration.
B)  exhibit a net movement to the side with higher free water concentration.
C)  exhibit a net movement to the side with lower solute concentration.
D)  exhibit an equal movement in both directions across the membrane.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  result in cell death.
B)  force the cell to rely on lipids for energy.
C)  force the cell to rely on ADP for energy.
D)  have no effect on the cell.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding membrane function is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The plasma membrane forms a selective barrier around the cell.
B)  The plasma membrane plays a role in transferring signals to the cell's interior.
C)  The plasma membrane has receptors for chemical messages.
D)  The plasma membrane is the control center of the cell.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous degradation of the intracellular environment
B)  self-assembly into a simple membrane
C)  ability to form an impermeable membrane
D)  formation of a semi-solid membraneE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

The molecules responsible for membrane transport are

Accepted Answer

A)  steroids.
B)  phospholipids.
C)  carbohydrates.
D)  proteins.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  the expulsion of water by the plant cell's central vacuole
B)  the relative impermeability of the plant cell wall to water
C)  the fact that plant cells are isotonic to tap water
D)  the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wallE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

The transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound is called

Accepted Answer

A)  carboxylation.
B)  ionization.
C)  phosphorylation.
D)  hydrogenation.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Exam 5: The Working Cell

Aquaporins

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Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely

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Which of the following processes is classified as a metabolic pathway?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the lab, you use a special balloon that is permeable to water but not sucrose to make an "artificial cell." The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water. Which of the following will occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

ATP can be used as the cell's energy exchange mechanism because

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The molecules responsible for membrane transport are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Living systems

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The transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The energy required to initiate an exergonic reaction is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to ________, energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) ________ reaction to drive a(n) ________ reaction.

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Which of the following statements regarding membrane function is false?

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Phagocytosis is to eating as pinocytosis is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true for all types of passive transport?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires and moves a substance its concentration gradient.

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When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) reaction to drive a(n) reaction.

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