Question 1

An elderly patient in a nursing home is recovering from bacterial pneumonia.The patient has been on a lengthy regiment of antibiotics to kill the organism causing the disease.A few days later, the patient is diagnosed with pseudomembranous colitis.What organism is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridium difficile
B)  C.tetani
C)  C.perfringens
D)  C.botulinumE) All of the above
F) C) and D) A

Question 2

All the following organisms are found in the gastrointestinal (GI)  tract except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteroides.
B)  Clostridium.
C)  Propionibacterium.
D)  Bifidobacterium.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

How is the true Gram stain reaction of an anaerobe determined?

Accepted Answer

A)  Special potency disks
B)  Shape and colony morphology
C)  Aerotolerance
D)  Direct fluorescent antibody (DF
A)  E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

What disease does Clostridium botulinum cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  Botulism
B)  Tetanus
C)  Food poisoning
D)  MyonecrosisE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

What disease does Clostridium tetani cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  Botulism
B)  Tetanus
C)  Food poisoning
D)  MyonecrosisE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Gram stains of specimens for anaerobic cultures should be examined for all the following reasons except:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Gram stain reveals various types and relative number of bacteria present.
B)  certain morphotypes may provide a presumptive identification and will guide media selection.
C)  the Gram stain often reveals the presence of leukocytes.
D)  the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)  guidelines recommend Gram stains on all anaerobic specimens.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 7

How long are anaerobic cultures routinely held in the laboratory?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 2 days
B)  3 to 4 days
C)  5 to 7 days
D)  7 to 9 daysE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

How are suspected colonies of anaerobes processed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gram stain morphology and reaction is observed.
B)  An aerotolerance test is set up.
C)  A pure culture/subculture plate is inoculated and appropriate disks are added.
D)  All of the above.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 9

All of the following reasons are cited for performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing on anaerobes by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)  except to:

Accepted Answer

A)  determine the resistance mechanisms in anaerobes.
B)  assist in the management of patients with serious illnesses.
C)  monitor local and regional resistance patterns.
D)  determine susceptibility of anaerobes to new antimicrobials.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

What evidence indicates the presence of anaerobes in cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  A foul odor upon opening an anaerobic jar or bag
B)  Growth on the anaerobic plates, but not on the sheep blood agar (SB
A)   plates incubated in the CO2 incubator
C)  Colonies on kanamycin-vancomycin laked blood agar (KVLB
A)   that fluoresce brick-red under ultraviolet light
D)  All of the aboveE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

A microbiology technologist is reading an anaerobic plate from an intestinal abscess.There is growth on the Bacteroides bile esculin (BBE)  plate: gray colonies with a brown color in the area around the colonies.There is also a dark precipitate in the medium in the areas of heavy growth.The microbiologist Gram stains the colonies and observes gram-negative coccobacilli.What is the presumptive identification of this organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteroides vulgatus
B)  B.fragilis
C)  B.pneumoniae
D)  B.denticolaE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

What are two important factors that must be taken into consideration when transporting specimens for anaerobic culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Making sure there is enough specimen in a tightly closed container
B)  Minimizing exposure to oxygen and preventing drying out
C)  Minimizing exposure to oxygen and making sure the specimen is transported in a tightly closed screw-cap container
D)  Drying out and proper nutritionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 13

What type of bacteria are in the genus Clostridium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anaerobic cocci
B)  Spore-forming anaerobic bacilli
C)  Spore-forming anaerobic cocci
D)  Anaerobic bacilliE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

What substances do organisms that use oxygen have to protect themselves from superoxide anions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyaluronidase and proteases
B)  Exotoxins and superoxide dismutase
C)  Enterotoxins and lipase
D)  Superoxide dismutase and catalaseE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

An obligate anaerobe is an organisms that:

Accepted Answer

A)  requires some oxygen but moderate concentrations of CO2 to live.
B)  requires small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide to live.
C)  grows only in the absence of molecular oxygen.
D)  can live with very little oxygen.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

What organism mostly commonly causes gas gangrene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridium difficile
B)  C.tetani
C)  C.perfringens
D)  C.botulinumE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

All of the following organisms are found on the skin under normal conditions except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Propionibacterium.
B)  Peptostreptococcus.
C)  Streptococcus.
D)  Clostridium.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

What disk is used to presumptively identify Peptostreptococcus anaerobius?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bile
B)  Nitrate
C)  Sodium polyanethol sulfonate
D)  IndoleE) B) and D)
F) None of the above C

Question 19

All of the following are non-spore-forming, anaerobic, gram-positive bacilli except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Actinomyces.
B)  Bifidobacterium.
C)  Eubacterium.
D)  Clostridium.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

Bacterial growth requirements for oxygen and carbon dioxide can be divided into all the following categories except:

Accepted Answer

A)  ambient air (95% O2 and 5% CO2) .
B)  microaerophilic (5% O2 ) .
C)  anaerobic (0% O2) .
D)  capnophilic (about 15% O2 and 5% to 10% CO2) .E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 22: Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

An elderly patient in a nursing home is recovering from bacterial pneumonia.The patient has been on a lengthy regiment of antibiotics to kill the organism causing the disease.A few days later, the patient is diagnosed with pseudomembranous colitis.What organism is the most likely cause?

Correct Answer
verified
A

All the following organisms are found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract except:

Correct Answer
verified

How is the true Gram stain reaction of an anaerobe determined?

Correct Answer
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What disease does Clostridium botulinum cause?

Correct Answer
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What disease does Clostridium tetani cause?

Correct Answer
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Gram stains of specimens for anaerobic cultures should be examined for all the following reasons except:

Correct Answer
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How long are anaerobic cultures routinely held in the laboratory?

Correct Answer
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How are suspected colonies of anaerobes processed?

Correct Answer
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All of the following reasons are cited for performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing on anaerobes by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) except to:

Correct Answer
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What evidence indicates the presence of anaerobes in cultures?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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What are two important factors that must be taken into consideration when transporting specimens for anaerobic culture?

Correct Answer
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B

What type of bacteria are in the genus Clostridium?

Correct Answer
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What substances do organisms that use oxygen have to protect themselves from superoxide anions?

Correct Answer
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An obligate anaerobe is an organisms that:

Correct Answer
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What organism mostly commonly causes gas gangrene?

Correct Answer
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All of the following organisms are found on the skin under normal conditions except:

Correct Answer
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What disk is used to presumptively identify Peptostreptococcus anaerobius?

Correct Answer
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C

All of the following are non-spore-forming, anaerobic, gram-positive bacilli except:

Correct Answer
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Bacterial growth requirements for oxygen and carbon dioxide can be divided into all the following categories except:

Correct Answer
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Exam 22: Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

An elderly patient in a nursing home is recovering from bacterial pneumonia.The patient has been on a lengthy regiment of antibiotics to kill the organism causing the disease.A few days later, the patient is diagnosed with pseudomembranous colitis.What organism is the most likely cause?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

All the following organisms are found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is the true Gram stain reaction of an anaerobe determined?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What disease does Clostridium botulinum cause?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What disease does Clostridium tetani cause?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gram stains of specimens for anaerobic cultures should be examined for all the following reasons except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How long are anaerobic cultures routinely held in the laboratory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How are suspected colonies of anaerobes processed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following reasons are cited for performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing on anaerobes by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) except to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What evidence indicates the presence of anaerobes in cultures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are two important factors that must be taken into consideration when transporting specimens for anaerobic culture?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

What type of bacteria are in the genus Clostridium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What substances do organisms that use oxygen have to protect themselves from superoxide anions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An obligate anaerobe is an organisms that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What organism mostly commonly causes gas gangrene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following organisms are found on the skin under normal conditions except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What disk is used to presumptively identify Peptostreptococcus anaerobius?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

All of the following are non-spore-forming, anaerobic, gram-positive bacilli except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial growth requirements for oxygen and carbon dioxide can be divided into all the following categories except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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B

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C

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