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Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?


A) They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment.
B) They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins,lipopolysaccharides,and phospholipids.
C) They are toxic to humans.
D) They are sensitive to penicillin.
E) Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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If you observe rod-shaped red cells after the Gram stain,you can assume their cell walls contain endotoxin.

A) True
B) False

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The terms "run" and "tumble" are generally associated with


A) cell wall fluidity.
B) taxic movements of the cell in response to attractants or repellents.
C) clustering properties of certain rod-shaped bacteria.
D) cell membrane synthesis.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis ultimately cause bacterial cell death as a result of


A) osmotic lysis.
B) inhibition of molecular transport.
C) decreased synthesis of plasma membrane.
D) plasmolysis.
E) cell shrinkage.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Provide evidence to substantiate the hypothesis that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells.

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The endosymbiotic theory provides strong...

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