Question 1

Water has a high heat capacity.What does this term mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  It takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of water.
B)  Water heats up or cools down very quickly.
C)  Water provides a useful source of stored kilocalories.
D)  Water transports the energy-yielding nutrients throughout the body.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Hypokalemia is:

Accepted Answer

A)  low levels of sodium in the blood.
B)  high levels of sodium in the blood.
C)  low levels of potassium in the blood.
D)  high levels of potassium in the blood.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The causes of hypertension in the vast majority of individuals are well understood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Plasma is an example of which fluid compartment?

Accepted Answer

A)  intercellular
B)  interstitial
C)  intravascular
D)  plasma does not contain fluidE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Dehydration is classified in terms of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of weight lost relative to a person's original weight.
B)  the subjective amount of thirst a person experiences.
C)  the percentage of weight loss exclusively due to loss of fluid.
D)  the relative amount of fluids consumed against the amount of urine excreted.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Processed foods tend to be lower in sodium than whole foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What is the function of aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water (reducing urine output) 
B)  stimulates the kidneys to filter out more water (increasing urine output) 
C)  signals the kidneys to retain sodium and chloride
D)  signals the kidneys to release sodium and chlorideE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Aldosterone is produced by which organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  the pituitary gland
B)  the hypothalamus
C)  the adrenal glands
D)  the kidneysE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following has NOT been shown to improve blood pressure levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  losing weight
B)  eating more whole grains,fruits,and vegetables
C)  drinking 1 to 2 glasses of white wine per day
D)  not smoking or quitting smokingE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following individuals is MOST at risk for hyperkalemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  a marathon runner
B)  a newborn
C)  an individual who has a diet rich in processed foods
D)  an individual with kidney diseaseE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

The primary reason for sweating is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain blood volume.
B)  maintain sodium balance.
C)  excrete waste products.
D)  regulate body temperature.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

When blood volume decreases,blood pressure increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Approximately 2/3 of the body fluid is held intracellularly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Johnny has had severe diarrhea for three days.What is the connection between long-term diarrhea and Johnny's electrolyte and fluid balance?

Accepted Answer

Johnny's severe diarrhea for three days ...

Question 15

A substance,such as caffeine,that increases fluid loss via the urine is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  a diuretic.
B)  osmotic pressure.
C)  metabolic water.
D)  a phytic acid.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Most of the sodium consumed is absorbed from the:

Accepted Answer

A)  mouth.
B)  stomach.
C)  small intestine.
D)  liver.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following stimulates the thirst mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased concentration of solutes in the blood
B)  elevated blood volume and pressure
C)  lubrication of the mouth and throat tissues
D)  decreased blood volume and pressureE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Loss of total body water in elderly people is tied to their loss of lean tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following individuals is MOST at risk for a phosphorus deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  a premature infant
B)  an individual suffering from kidney disease
C)  an individual consuming vitamin D supplements
D)  an individual who is a vegetarianE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Hyponatremia occurs when somebody drinks too much water without replacing potassium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Most of the sodium consumed is absorbed from the:

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Processed foods tend to be lower in sodium than whole foods.

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What is the function of aldosterone?

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Johnny has had severe diarrhea for three days.What is the connection between long-term diarrhea and Johnny's electrolyte and fluid balance?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIJohnny's severe diarrhea for three days ...View AnswerShow Answer

Water has a high heat capacity.What does this term mean?

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Hypokalemia is:

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Aldosterone is produced by which organ?

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Which of the following stimulates the thirst mechanism?

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Hyponatremia occurs when somebody drinks too much water without replacing potassium.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A substance,such as caffeine,that increases fluid loss via the urine is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When blood volume decreases,blood pressure increases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma is an example of which fluid compartment?

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Which of the following individuals is MOST at risk for a phosphorus deficiency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loss of total body water in elderly people is tied to their loss of lean tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The causes of hypertension in the vast majority of individuals are well understood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following has NOT been shown to improve blood pressure levels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dehydration is classified in terms of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary reason for sweating is to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately 2/3 of the body fluid is held intracellularly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following individuals is MOST at risk for hyperkalemia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Johnny's severe diarrhea for three days ...
View Answer

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