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________ researched the attitudes of conservative students enrolled at a liberal women's college in the 1930s.


A) Gordon Allport
B) Solomon Asch
C) Norman Triplett
D) Theodore Newcomb
E) Christina Maslach

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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The Bennington College study involved students from conservative homes who attended a college with liberal faculty members. The students tended to


A) become more liberal over time.
B) have values that did not change.
C) cling firmly to their conservative values.
D) drop out of the school within one semester.
E) initially adopt liberal values, but ultimately returned to their original beliefs.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Which statement correctly characterizes one aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?


A) Subjects were shown an ominous-looking shock machine that was marked 0 to 450 volts.
B) Participants in the study were randomly assigned to be teachers or learners.
C) Participants were shocked when they made errors in reciting word pairs.
D) A learner and the teacher sat side by side across from the shock machine.
E) Participants were assigned to "play" a prison guard or a prison inmate.

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Subjects in Moriarity's theft studies were more likely to intervene if


A) they had been attracted to the victim.
B) the victim had never spoken to them.
C) the victim had asked them "Do you have the time?"
D) they had been asked to watch the victim's property.
E) they had enough time to help out.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Which type of love is defined as having only intimacy and commitment?


A) seduction
B) empty
C) infatuation
D) companionate
E) romantic

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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________ refers to the state of conflict someone experiences after making a decision that is contrary to prior beliefs, feelings, or values.


A) Closure
B) Cognitive dissonance
C) The self-fulfilling prophecy
D) The Pygmalion effect
E) The fundamental attribution error

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Jada is a Republican, but she is currently working for a Democratic candidate. As a result of ________, Jada may shift her political views.


A) scapegoating
B) prejudice
C) discrimination
D) a self-serving bias
E) cognitive dissonance

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Which statement is correct concerning cross-cultural research on the fundamental attribution error?


A) Fundamental attribution error appears to be universal.
B) Most cultures attribute behavior to dispositional causes.
C) Eastern cultures like Japan seem to make more situational attributions than Western cultures such as the United States.
D) Western cultures seem to make more situational attributions than Eastern cultures.
E) Fundamental attribution errors are less common in individualist cultures than in collectivist cultures.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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In Solomon Asch's study, which factor increased the rate of conformity?


A) The task difficulty was decreased.
B) The confederates were all adults.
C) The confederates were unanimous in their selection of line size.
D) The participants were given two chances at responding.
E) The participants gave their answers using "secret ballot."

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Increased contact between two warring groups has a tendency to


A) reinforce the belief that the outgroup is homogenous.
B) solidify preexisting stereotypes.
C) showcase similarities between the groups.
D) prevent prejudicial beliefs from worsening at best.
E) enhance the tendency of each group to look for reasons to dislike each other.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Your friend took a security guard position to help defray the costs of tuition. When you stopped by to visit him on the job you found he was acting differently. He was more serious and professional. Your friend was using ________ to guide his actions as a guard, which were likely learned from film or literature depictions of security guards.


A) their instincts
B) personal history
C) media-produced stereotypes
D) scripts
E) inventories

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Discuss the Asch effect and the factors that affect the conformity behaviors in his experiments.

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The Asch effect means that the majority ...

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A state of tension that occurs when a person's attitudes do not match the person's actions is called


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) the validity effect.
C) the fundamental attribution error.
D) routinization.
E) chameleonization.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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The World-Will-End-on-June-7 group got together on June 7 to pray as the world ended. The next day the world did not end. The leader of the group said, "Our prayers saved the world." What process was responsible for the attitude change?


A) operant conditioning
B) cognitive dissonance
C) classical conditioning
D) positive reinforcement
E) scapegoating

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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John is better friends with Michelle, who sits one seat next to him, than Janie, who sits four seats away from him, even though both Michelle and Janie were strangers when their semester began. John's attraction highlights the influence of the


A) theory of social reality.
B) principle of closure.
C) principle of proximity.
D) rule of self-disclosure.
E) cognitive dissonance theory.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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George is normally loud and boisterous, but he uses a soft voice when speaking to a police officer. This change in voice occurs through


A) the bystander-effect.
B) the principle of proximity.
C) situationism.
D) an in-group bias.
E) the matching hypothesis.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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________ refers to a learned negative attitude toward a person based on that person's membership in a particular group.


A) The Asch effect
B) Discrimination
C) Prejudice
D) Normative justice
E) Conformity

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

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A negative action against an individual based solely on his or her group membership is


A) social adjustment.
B) bystander effect.
C) scapegoating.
D) prejudice.
E) discrimination.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The ________ acts to maintain our self-esteem.


A) self-serving bias
B) fundamental attribution error
C) social norm bias
D) Asch effect
E) obedience effect

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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The fact that Vincent has ________ may account for his marriage to Amy who has very little respect for him.


A) oodles of sex-appeal
B) high self-esteem
C) cognitive dissonance
D) low self-esteem
E) a self-serving bias

F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Showing 21 - 40 of 186

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