Question 1

Which mammals would be expected to have hemoglobin with the lowest affinity for oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  mouse
B)  wolf
C)  human
D)  horse
E)  elephantF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

If the efficiency of the alveoli in an human was reduced by 50%,what would you predict would be the effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  The volume of air in the lungs would decrease by 50%.
B)  The rate of gas exchange would decrease by 50%.
C)  The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen would decrease by 50%.
D)  The muscular control of breathing would decrease by 50%.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Marine mammals are unable to breathe air during periods of prolonged diving.To enable such feats,in relation to their muscle physiology,they have

Accepted Answer

A)  increased myoglobin concentrations.
B)  increased capillary densities.
C)  increased amounts of sarcoplasmic reticulum.
D)  increased expression of acetylcholine receptors.
E)  All of the choices for this question are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Predict the most immediate consequence of the inflammation of the pleural sac in a human.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gas exchange would decrease.
B)  Lung volume would decrease.
C)  Respiratory muscle activity would decrease.
D)  Hemoglobin's oxygen affinity would decrease.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

As a child grows,the lungs increase in size as well.Hypothesize what the pressure of the gases within the lungs would be if the lung volume of an individual goes from 3000ml to 4000ml.

Accepted Answer

A)  gas pressure would decrease
B)  gas pressure would increase
C)  gas pressure would be unchangedD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 6

The respiratory centers that control ventilation of the lungs in mammals are located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  brainstem.
B)  hypothalamus.
C)  cerebral cortex.
D)  bronchi.
E)  neck.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

The shape of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve is a straight line.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The proportion of the total air pressure that is exerted by an individual gas in a gas mixture is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  partial pressure of that gas.
B)  incomplete pressure of that gas.
C)  total pressure of that gas.
D)  gas-specific gravity of that gas.
E)  barometry of that gas.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

The atmospheric pressure on top of Mt.Everest is only about 238 mmHg,so the approximate partial pressure of oxygen there is

Accepted Answer

A)  2.4 mmHg.
B)  50 mmHg.
C)  186 mmHg.
D)  238 mmHg.
E)  476 mmHg.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

What would happen to the gas exchange rate within an insect if the circulatory system was compromised?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gas exchange rate would decrease slightly.
B)  The gas exchange rate would decrease significantly.
C)  The gas exchange rate would increase significantly.
D)  The gas exchange rate would increase slightly.
E)  The gas exchange rate would be unaffected.F) None of the above
G) All of the above A

Question 11

The respiratory pigment you would find in a blue crab or octopus is

Accepted Answer

A)  hemocyanin.
B)  hemoglobin.
C)  hemophilin.
D)  ferritin.
E)  calmodulin.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Imagine that you are monitoring a test subject's blood.The pH of the blood is steadily decreasing,while the carbon dioxide levels are steadily increasing.What do you predict will occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  As soon as oxygen levels decrease,the brain will stimulate an increase in the breathing rate.
B)  Because of the increase in carbon dioxide levels,the brain will stimulate an increase in the breathing rate.
C)  Because of the increase in carbon dioxide levels,the blood will decrease its affinity for oxygen.D) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 13

Why aren't insect tracheae associated with capillary beds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insect capillaries are found only around the gut.
B)  Insects have an open circulatory system.
C)  Insects have external gills associated with hemolymph vessels.
D)  Insects use an air sac respiratory system.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

In the alveoli

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen diffuses into the blood while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood.
B)  oxygen diffuses out of the blood while carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood.
C)  both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse out of the blood.
D)  both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse into the blooD.
E)  no exchange with the blood occurs.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

Air rushes into the lungs of humans during inhalation because

Accepted Answer

A)  the volume of the thoracic cavity increases.
B)  pressure in the alveoli increases.
C)  the diaphragm contracts and pushes upward on the chest cavity.
D)  smooth muscle lining the trachea,bronchi and bronchioles contracts and causes their volume to increase.
E)  pulmonary muscles contract and pull on the outer surface of the lungs.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above A

Question 16

Fishes exhibit a method of ventilating their gills termed "tidal ventilation."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The metal atom bound to the heme group of hemoglobin is

Accepted Answer

A)  iron.
B)  copper.
C)  manganese.
D)  zinc.
E)  sodium.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Asthma attacks result from contraction of the muscles surrounding the bronchioles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Temperature influences the solubility of gases in water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

During inspiration (a.k.a.inhalation) of air into the lung of a mammal

Accepted Answer

A)  the chest cavity has a positive pressure.
B)  the diaphragm moves upward.
C)  the diaphragm contracts.
D)  the rib cage moves down.
E)  the intercostal muscles relax.F) A) and C)
G) C) and E) C

Exam 37: Respiratory Systems

Which mammals would be expected to have hemoglobin with the lowest affinity for oxygen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the efficiency of the alveoli in an human was reduced by 50%,what would you predict would be the effect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marine mammals are unable to breathe air during periods of prolonged diving.To enable such feats,in relation to their muscle physiology,they have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Predict the most immediate consequence of the inflammation of the pleural sac in a human.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a child grows,the lungs increase in size as well.Hypothesize what the pressure of the gases within the lungs would be if the lung volume of an individual goes from 3000ml to 4000ml.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The respiratory centers that control ventilation of the lungs in mammals are located in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The shape of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve is a straight line.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The proportion of the total air pressure that is exerted by an individual gas in a gas mixture is referred to as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The atmospheric pressure on top of Mt.Everest is only about 238 mmHg,so the approximate partial pressure of oxygen there is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would happen to the gas exchange rate within an insect if the circulatory system was compromised?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The respiratory pigment you would find in a blue crab or octopus is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that you are monitoring a test subject's blood.The pH of the blood is steadily decreasing,while the carbon dioxide levels are steadily increasing.What do you predict will occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why aren't insect tracheae associated with capillary beds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the alveoli

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Air rushes into the lungs of humans during inhalation because

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Fishes exhibit a method of ventilating their gills termed "tidal ventilation."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The metal atom bound to the heme group of hemoglobin is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Asthma attacks result from contraction of the muscles surrounding the bronchioles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Temperature influences the solubility of gases in water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During inspiration (a.k.a.inhalation) of air into the lung of a mammal

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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