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In classes where comprehensive or cumulative exams are given, a student would be best advised to engage in ________ practice.

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A recognition memory task is often easier than a recall memory task because


A) we compare the difference in the amount of time to remember the information correctly with the amount of time taken initially to remember the information.
B) we have to both generate options and eliminate the incorrect options.
C) we are able to eliminate the incorrect options to get the correct answer.
D) we seem to prefer multiple-choice memory assessments to those involving self-generated recall.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Larry has a quiz about research methods for both his psychology and biology classes. As he studies, he is continually getting information from one class confused with information from the other. The resulting memory loss is called ________.

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The levels-of-processing model proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) has been criticised because it is really impossible to determine how deeply a memory has been processed, so there is no way to truly and scientifically prove or disprove the theory. This should remind you of which principle of critical thinking noted in your text?


A) Falsifiability
B) Extraordinary claims
C) Ruling out rival hypotheses
D) Correlation versus causation

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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________ is the process of reactivating or reconstructing information from your memory store.


A) Remembering
B) Recall
C) Retrieval
D) Recognition

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Suppose that you have been called as an expert witness for a defendant accused of robbing a bank. Prior to your being called as a witness, two bank tellers confidently identified the defendant as the robber. What research evidence might you introduce to the jury to caution them about assuming that the defendant must be guilty because he or she was identified in court?

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Answers will vary. A full credit answer ...

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The most frequent cause of senility is ________ disease.

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The tendency to remember the items that came at the end of a presented list is called the ________ effect.


A) recency
B) primacy
C) locus
D) semantic

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Shanna has a quiz covering research methods for both her biology and psychology classes. As she studies, she is continually getting information confused between the classes. The resulting memory loss is explained by


A) interference.
B) retrieval failure.
C) distortion.
D) serial position effects.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Chase was in a bad motorcycle accident. He suffered severe damage to his hippocampus. What is the likely effect on his memory?


A) Total loss of episodic and implicit memories
B) Partial loss of semantic and procedural memories
C) Loss of primarily explicit and implicit memories
D) Partial loss of explicit memories

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Just before taking your French I exam, you were reviewing five terms that you had missed on the last vocabulary test. When you get to your exam, you find that you have an easy time answering several questions because they are related terms you just studied. This is an example of the


A) primacy effect.
B) recency effect.
C) serial position effect.
D) von Restorff effect.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Albert realises that he has to study differently for essay tests in history than the multiple-choice test in his psychology class. In which aspect of memory is he demonstrating growth?


A) Metacognition
B) Meta-awareness
C) Meta-mnemonics
D) Meta-memory

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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When a student is attempting to bring an answer to an exam question from their memory, they are attempting to access their ________-term memory storage.

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Elaborative rehearsal involves


A) synthesising the information to be remembered in a meaningful way.
B) decreasing the complexity of the information to be remembered.
C) increasing the complexity of the information to be remembered.
D) linking the information to be remembered to other information.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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An individual's knowledge about the world-such as Wilhelm Wundt being considered the father of psychology, or Sigmund Freud's claims that the id, ego, and superego are three different structures of everyone's personality-is called ________ memory.

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What does the result of research on primacy and recency effects suggest about human memory?


A) The forgetting of information occurs in predictable ways.
B) The forgetting of information occurs in a random manner.
C) Human memory abilities are quite poor.
D) We only recall information that is somehow unique and distinctive.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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The area of the brain heavily involved in the formation of lasting, long-term memories is ________.


A) the amygdala
B) the hippocampus
C) Wernicke's area
D) the thalamus

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Although both Clive Wearing and a patient known as H.M. had severely damaged hippocampi, or removed hippocampi, they both showed evidence of ________ memory.


A) episodic
B) explicit
C) implicit
D) eidetic

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is a legitimate criticism of the use of schemas in remembering?


A) Schemas always lead to stereotypical categorisations of the world.
B) The use of schemas can lead us to remember things that never happened.
C) Schemas over-rely on explicit memory and under-rely on implicit memory.
D) Schemas are far too likely to lead to script-based behaviours.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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An essay exam question or a fill-in-the-blanks question with no word bank is similar to the ________ method of assessing one's memory.


A) priming
B) recall
C) recognition
D) relearning

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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