Question 1

How does the Northern blotting technique differ from the Southern blotting technique?

Accepted Answer

A)   In the Northern blotting technique, RNA is detected instead of DNA.
B)   Gel electrophoresis is not used in the Northern blotting technique.
C)   In the Northern blotting technique, cDNAs are used in place of restriction endonucleases.
D)   All of the aboveE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Each type of tRNA molecule can be attached to only one type of amino acid, but because the genetic code contains multiple codons that specify the same amino acid, tRNA molecules bearing different anticodons may also carry the same amino acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

______________ are regions of DNA interspersed in the human genome formed by variable tandem repeats of short nucleotide sequences used in DNA fingerprinting.

Accepted Answer

A)   Minisatellites
B)   Macrosatellites
C)   Platelet satellites
D)   ChromatidsE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Molecular RBC antigen typing is used:

Accepted Answer

A)   to confirm serological testing.
B)   when serology is not possible.
C)   when serology is not sensitive enough or discrepancies occur.
D)   for all of the above.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

The process of translation and transcription is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   the genetic code.
B)   central dogma.
C)   gene expression.
D)   spectral analysis.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

During protein biosynthesis______________  combines the codons of mRNA with its anticodons.

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA
B)   tRNA
C)   uracil
D)   reverse transcriptaseE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Restriction endonucleases are characterized as being palindromic. What is meant by this term?

Accepted Answer

A)   The recognition sequence is read in the same 5' to 3' direction on both strands of the double helix.
B)   The recognition sequence is read in the same 3' to 5' direction on both strands of the double helix.
C)   The recognition sequence is read in the same 5' to 3' direction on one side of the double helix.
D)   The recognition sequence is read in the same 3' to 5' direction on one side of the double helix.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following blood groups is coded by variants of a single gene?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rh
B)   Xg
C)   MNS
D)   Chido/Rodgers
E)   LutheranF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Gene transfer between two bacterial strains is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Mendel's law.
B)   Griffith's transformation.
C)   Oswald's principle of heredity transformation.
D)   Chargaff's rules.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 10

All of the following are sources of DNA for performing Southern blot analysis except:

Accepted Answer

A)   bone marrow.
B)   leukocytes.
C)   cell cultures.
D)   pericardial fluid.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

A codon consists of how many nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following is representative of the "central dogma" of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

A)   The basic information of life flows from DNA through RNA to proteins.
B)   The basic information of life flows from RNA through DNA to proteins.
C)   The basic information of life flows from proteins to genes.
D)   The basic information of life flows from amino acids to proteins.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

E. coli was inserted with a plasmid vector with a gene resistant to ampicillin. This bacterium was then inoculated into a medium treated with ampicillin. After 24 hours of incubation what would be seen?

Accepted Answer

A)   No growth
B)   DNA clone of ampicillin-resistant bacterium
C)   DNA clone of the original E. coli specimen
D)   Two populations of bacteriumE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Biotechnology is important in blood banking because of:

Accepted Answer

A)   its production of growth factors.
B)   its production of erythropoietin.
C)   its production of clotting factors.
D)   all of the above.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

In performing gene cloning for blood group genes, what is a possible source of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lymphocytes
B)   Reticulocytes
C)   Neutrophils
D)   PlateletsE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 16

What is a disadvantage of using ethidium bromide (EB)  as a dye in electrophoresis studies?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is expensive.
B)   It is mutagenic.
C)   It is rare and difficult to obtain.
D)   It fades quickly after use.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)  can be used for all but which of the following purposes?

Accepted Answer

A)   In paternity cases to determine the source of a DNA sample
B)   To measure recombination rates, which can lead to a genetic map with the distance between RFLP loci measured in centimorgans
C)   In criminal cases to determine the source of a DNA sample
D)   To determine the Rh status of an individualE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Gel electrophoresis allows for:

Accepted Answer

A)   isolation of DNA fragments.
B)   purification of DNA fragments.
C)   visual examination of a defined-length DNA fragment.
D)   all of the above.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

In this procedure, PCR products are blotted in a nylon filter and hybridized with specific probes that allow the distinction of the different known alleles.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sequence-specific PCR
B)   Sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe
C)   Sequence-specific RFLP
D)   Allele-specific PCRE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following is not consistent with the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   The double helix consists of two strands of nucleotides, which are antiparallel.
B)   At each turn of the helix, 10 base pairs are stacked on top of each other.
C)   The double helix consists of two strands of nucleotides, which are parallel.
D)   The helical ladder is built from alternating units of deoxyribose and phosphate.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Exam 4: Concepts in Molecular Biology

______________ are regions of DNA interspersed in the human genome formed by variable tandem repeats of short nucleotide sequences used in DNA fingerprinting.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not consistent with the structure of DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A codon consists of how many nucleotides?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each type of tRNA molecule can be attached to only one type of amino acid, but because the genetic code contains multiple codons that specify the same amino acid, tRNA molecules bearing different anticodons may also carry the same amino acid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In this procedure, PCR products are blotted in a nylon filter and hybridized with specific probes that allow the distinction of the different known alleles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are sources of DNA for performing Southern blot analysis except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) can be used for all but which of the following purposes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the Northern blotting technique differ from the Southern blotting technique?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In performing gene cloning for blood group genes, what is a possible source of RNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Restriction endonucleases are characterized as being palindromic. What is meant by this term?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biotechnology is important in blood banking because of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Molecular RBC antigen typing is used:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a disadvantage of using ethidium bromide (EB) as a dye in electrophoresis studies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During protein biosynthesis______________ combines the codons of mRNA with its anticodons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of translation and transcription is referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following blood groups is coded by variants of a single gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene transfer between two bacterial strains is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

E. coli was inserted with a plasmid vector with a gene resistant to ampicillin. This bacterium was then inoculated into a medium treated with ampicillin. After 24 hours of incubation what would be seen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gel electrophoresis allows for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is representative of the "central dogma" of molecular biology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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