Question 1

Why is the United States best described as having a mix of mechanical and organic sanctions?

Accepted Answer

A)   The United States has not yet become a fully modern society.
B)   Some states have a more organic division of labor than others.
C)   It is not a mix; it is best described as fully organic.
D)   The United States applies mechanical sanctions in some contexts and organic sanctions in other contexts.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Explain Merton's strain theory of deviance and list each adaptation to anomie.Refer to "means" and "goals."

Accepted Answer

Like Durkheim,Merton was a functionalist...

Question 3

Tax evasion is an example of which of the following types of crimes,as defined by sociologists?

Accepted Answer

A)   white-collar crimes
B)   street crimes
C)   violent crimes
D)   folkwaysE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Which of the following decreased the murder rates in the United States in the last several decades?

Accepted Answer

A)   better medical care
B)   better social control of juveniles
C)   more stringent gun control
D)   more social cohesion across racial groupsE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

What percentage of the U.S.voting-age population is not allowed to vote because of prior crime convictions?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.5 percent
B)   1 percent
C)   2.5 percent
D)   10 percentE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Durkheim's theory and research on deviance fall within which of the main sociological theories?

Accepted Answer

A)   functionalist
B)   symbolic interactionist
C)   conflict
D)   feministE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 7

The common faith or set of social norms by which a society and its members abide is defined by Durkheim as:

Accepted Answer

A)   collective conscience.
B)   division of labor.
C)   anomie.
D)   organic solidarity.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Modes of monitoring,examining,and regimenting individuals that are diffused throughout society,including standardized tests,are what Foucault called:

Accepted Answer

A)   disciplinary techniques.
B)   total institutions.
C)   specific deterrence.
D)   general deterrence.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Violation of laws enacted by society is also known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   informal deviance.
B)   unofficial deviance.
C)   crimes.
D)   secondary deviance.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

What is one difference between street crime and white-collar crime?

Accepted Answer

A)   Street crime is more costly to the public than white-collar crime.
B)   Street crime usually occurs in public; white-collar crime usually occurs in private.
C)   More people are victimized by white-collar crime than by street crime.
D)   Those committing white-collar crimes are more likely to be punished than those committing street crimes.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Devah Pager (2001) found,in her study of job applications and criminal records,that a negative social label affects people's chances in life.This label is called a ____________ by sociologists.

Accepted Answer

A)   crime
B)   bias
C)   stigma
D)   primary devianceE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a symbolic interactionist theory of deviance?

Accepted Answer

A)   strain theory
B)   normative theory
C)   labeling theory
D)   functionalist theoryE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Neighborhood watch groups are examples of what urban theorist Jane Jacobs called:

Accepted Answer

A)   formal social sanctions.
B)   the eyes and ears of the streets.
C)   big brothers.
D)   stigmas.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

A factory worker wins $10 million in the lottery.He doesn't know what to do with his good fortune,so he commits suicide.Durkheim would say he has committed ____________ type of suicide.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychotic
B)   fatalistic
C)   egoistic
D)   anomicE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

How does the social context affect crime,according to the broken windows theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Evidence of disorder, such as broken windows, sends a signal that it's acceptable to engage in further deviant behaviors such as vandalism.
B)   If the local economy doesn't provide enough jobs for residents, crime becomes the easiest way to get by.
C)   Broken widows provide easy access to places in which to use drugs and engage in prostitution.
D)   Criminals often start with petty vandalism in order to build their confidence. They then work their way up to more serious and dangerous crimes.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Crime and deviance:

Accepted Answer

A)   are always two entirely different concepts.
B)   can be the same or entirely different phenomena.
C)   are interchangeable; deviance is always a crime.
D)   tend to be one and the same; if something is a crime, it is always deviant.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Explain the basic argument of deterrence theory and distinguish between specific and general deterrence.

Accepted Answer

Deterrence theory suggests that crime re...

Question 18

David Rosenhan (1973) sent some of his students to a psychiatric hospital,saying they were "hearing voices." Each pseudo-patient was admitted and diagnosed with a mental disorder.He was illustrating ____________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)   functionalist
B)   labeling
C)   strain
D)   differential associationE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

According to Merton,a person who completely stops participating in society's drive to achieve its defined goals is a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   ritualist.
B)   retreatist.
C)   innovator.
D)   rebel.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Charles is a 41-year-old man who recently got caught committing a crime after serving a long prison sentence.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   specific deterrence.
B)   general deterrence.
C)   anomie.
D)   recidivism.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 6: Social Control and Deviance

Modes of monitoring,examining,and regimenting individuals that are diffused throughout society,including standardized tests,are what Foucault called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the basic argument of deterrence theory and distinguish between specific and general deterrence.

Correct AnswerverifiedDeterrence theory suggests that crime re...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a symbolic interactionist theory of deviance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one difference between street crime and white-collar crime?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain Merton's strain theory of deviance and list each adaptation to anomie.Refer to "means" and "goals."

Correct AnswerverifiedLike Durkheim,Merton was a functionalist...View AnswerShow Answer

Crime and deviance:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Durkheim's theory and research on deviance fall within which of the main sociological theories?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the United States best described as having a mix of mechanical and organic sanctions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A factory worker wins $10 million in the lottery.He doesn't know what to do with his good fortune,so he commits suicide.Durkheim would say he has committed ____________ type of suicide.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Devah Pager (2001) found,in her study of job applications and criminal records,that a negative social label affects people's chances in life.This label is called a ____________ by sociologists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

David Rosenhan (1973) sent some of his students to a psychiatric hospital,saying they were "hearing voices." Each pseudo-patient was admitted and diagnosed with a mental disorder.He was illustrating ____________ theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Violation of laws enacted by society is also known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Charles is a 41-year-old man who recently got caught committing a crime after serving a long prison sentence.This is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following decreased the murder rates in the United States in the last several decades?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The common faith or set of social norms by which a society and its members abide is defined by Durkheim as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neighborhood watch groups are examples of what urban theorist Jane Jacobs called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the social context affect crime,according to the broken windows theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of the U.S.voting-age population is not allowed to vote because of prior crime convictions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tax evasion is an example of which of the following types of crimes,as defined by sociologists?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Merton,a person who completely stops participating in society's drive to achieve its defined goals is a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Deterrence theory suggests that crime re...
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Like Durkheim,Merton was a functionalist...
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