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Solomon Asch asked people to identify which of three comparison lines was identical to a standard line.His research was designed to study


A) deindividuation.
B) social loafing.
C) social facilitation.
D) conformity.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Professor Maslova attends faculty meetings simply to gain the approval of the college dean.His behavior exemplifies the importance of


A) personal control.
B) informational social influence.
C) normative social influence.
D) deindividuation.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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In a group discussion about the benefits of a particular diet,Christine suggests that they invite a couple of nutrition experts to critique their plan.Application of Christine's suggestion most likely will prevent


A) groupthink.
B) deindividuation.
C) social loafing.
D) social facilitation.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Groupthink can be prevented by a leader who


A) is directive and makes his or her own position clear from the start.
B) invites outside experts to critique a group's developing plans.
C) tries to maintain high morale among group members.
D) emphasizes the importance of the issue under discussion.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Social loafing is MOST likely to occur among


A) audience members who are asked to applaud after a speaker is introduced.
B) factory workers paid on the basis of individual level of productivity.
C) a group of runners competing for first place in a race.
D) students who are each assigned a different topic for their course term papers.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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When a group of racially prejudiced high school students discussed racial issues,their attitudes became even more prejudiced.This best illustrates


A) group polarization.
B) the just-world phenomenon.
C) the other-race effect.
D) unconscious patronization.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Kentaro hates to wear ties but wears one to his sister's wedding to avoid his family's disapproval.Kentaro's behavior exemplifies the importance of


A) deindividuation.
B) informational social influence.
C) normative social influence.
D) social facilitation.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The high levels of obedience in the Milgram experiments are LEAST likely to be attributable to


A) the perceived legitimacy of the commanding authority figure.
B) an aspect of gender-related behavior found only in males.
C) the placement of "teacher" and "learner" in separate rooms.
D) the very gradual increase in shock level ordered after each new learning error.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In Milgram's experiments,participants were torn between whether they should respond to the pleas of the ______ or the demands of the ______.


A) obedient role model;"teacher"
B) "teacher";"learner"
C) "teacher";defiant role model
D) "learner";experimenter

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Blindfolded people were observed to clap louder when they thought they were clapping alone than when they thought they were clapping with others.This best illustrates


A) groupthink.
B) social loafing.
C) group polarization.
D) the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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British soldiers who lined up at parade rest on the last voyage of the steamship Birkenhead best illustrated that obedience


A) leads people to capitulate to cruelty.
B) requires a loss of impulse control.
C) reduces cognitive dissonance.
D) can be an act of heroism.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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In Milgram's first study of obedience,the majority of "teachers" who were ordered to shock a "learner"


A) refused to deliver even slight levels of shock.
B) initially complied but refused to deliver more than slight levels of shock.
C) complied until ordered to deliver intense levels of shock.
D) complied fully and delivered the highest level of shock.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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A terrorist mentality that becomes increasingly extreme among people who interact without outside moderating influences best illustrates


A) mood linkage.
B) deindividuation.
C) group polarization.
D) social loafing.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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People sometimes feel less personally accountable and less concerned about what others think of them when acting as part of a group.This most clearly contributes to


A) social facilitation.
B) group polarization.
C) social loafing.
D) cognitive dissonance.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The impact of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon is most clearly illustrated by


A) the increased number of suicides shortly after Marilyn Monroe's highly publicized death.
B) President John F.Kennedy's ill-fated decision to invade Cuba.
C) the tragic murder of Kitty Genovese just outside her New York apartment.
D) the destructive obedience of participants in the Milgram experiments.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Groups of citizens from liberal Boulder,Colorado,and groups of citizens from conservative Colorado Springs,Colorado,were asked to discuss socially relevant issues such as affirmative action and same-sex unions.After group discussion,the groups from Boulder expressed increasingly ________ positions and the groups from Colorado Springs expressed increasingly ________ positions.


A) liberal;liberal
B) moderate;moderate
C) conservative;liberal
D) liberal;conservative

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Professor Janis was hired to help the campus police avoid riots after football game losses.He knows these riots are caused by situations that foster deindividuation.To help counteract deindividuation,the authorities should


A) increase self-awareness.
B) increase feelings of anonymity.
C) increase antisocial behavior.
D) increase arousal.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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An unlikable person is likely to be perceived more ________ a group discussion of that person's qualities,and a likable person is likely to be perceived more ________ a group discussion of that person's qualities.


A) negatively before;positively after
B) positively after;negatively after
C) negatively after;positively after
D) positively after;negatively before

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Shawntae believes that eating meat is unhealthy and has not eaten meat in years.While at a party held by her new employer she is offered a hamburger.Shawntae is anxious to make a good impression and really wants to be liked,so she accepts and eats the hamburger.Shawntae's behavior is an example of


A) conformity.
B) social loafing.
C) social facilitation.
D) deindividuation.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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In Milgram's obedience experiments,"teachers" exhibited a somewhat lower level of compliance with an experimenter's orders when


A) the experiment was not associated with a prestigious institution like Yale University.
B) the "learner" complained of a slight heart condition just before the experiment began.
C) the "learner" screamed as the shocks became more punishing.
D) the "learner" was in another room where his physical well-being couldn't be observed by the "teacher."

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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