Question 1

At what dose of whole-body radiation would an observable short-term effect of acute radiation syndrome result?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.01 Gy
B)   0.25 Gy
C)   0.50 Gy
D)   1.0 GyE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

A stochastic effect is when a biological response is based on the probability of occurrence rather than the severity of the change..

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following groups of cells are correctly ranked in order of radiosensitivity beginning with the most sensitive?

Accepted Answer

A)   Muscle, brain, red blood, white blood
B)   Reproductive, bone, nerve, muscle
C)   Brain, bone, connective tissue, white blood
D)   Red blood, bone, muscle, epithelialE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

What is the approximate surface (skin)  dose of radiation from a full mouth series of 18 F-speed films, exposed at 90 kVp with a 16-inch (41-cm) -length PID?

Accepted Answer

A)   30 mSv
B)   50 mSv
C)   75 mSv
D)   100 mSvE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

A nonthreshold dose-response curve indicates that there is a certain level of radiation below which no biological response should be anticipated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When is the developing fetus most susceptible to the damaging effects of radiation, and why?

Accepted Answer

During the first trimester, im...

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding the biological effect mechanisms of the indirect effect is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ionization dissociates water into hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals.
B)   Ions have a strong tendency to seek out new combinations.
C)   New chemicals, such as hydrogen peroxide, can form from hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals.
D)   Radiation must be massive to destroy entire body tissues that result in death.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

All cells in the human body have the same sensitivity to radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Because they do not divide and are very specialized, reproductive cells are radioresistant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Each of the following is a potential effect of a low dose of radiation EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

Accepted Answer

A)   No cell response.
B)   Cell repairs itself and functions at pre-exposure levels.
C)   Cell repairs itself abnormally.
D)   Cell becomes radioactive.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Which of these periods immediately follows radiation exposure?

Accepted Answer

A)   The period of injury
B)   The latent period
C)   The reparable damage period
D)   The recovery periodE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The lethal dose (LD 50/30)  of radiation for humans is estimated to be:

Accepted Answer

A)   4,500 grays.
B)   450 grays.
C)   45 grays.
D)   4.5 grays.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Erythema is a stochastic effect of exposure to radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Scientists do not know whether low levels of radiation exposure carry health risks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What theory of radiation damage to cells results from free radicals combining to form toxins such as hydrogen peroxide?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary
B)   Secondary
C)   Indirect
D)   DirectE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

When radiation affects any cells of the body except the reproductive cells, the effect is called indirect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The effects of irradiation depend on the type of energy and duration of the exposure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A threshold dose-response relationship indicates that any dose, regardless of amount, can be expected to produce a biologic response.
A linear dose-response relationship indicates that the biologic response is directly proportional to the
Dose.

Accepted Answer

A)   The first statement is true. The second statement is false.
B)   The first statement is false. The second statement is true.
C)   Both statements are true.
D)   Both statements are false.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding radiation injury is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   The amount of injury to an individual depends on the volume of tissue radiated.
B)   The lethal dose (LD 50/30)  for humans is 1.5 grays.
C)   Younger, more rapidly dividing cells are more likely to incur damage.
D)   Individuals vary in radiation sensitivity within the same species.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Law of Bergonié and Tribondeau?

Accepted Answer

A)   Actively dividing cells are less sensitive.
B)   Immature cells are more sensitive.
C)   More specialized cells are more radioresistant.
D)   Cells are most susceptible to injury during cell division.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 5: Effects of Radiation Exposure

Each of the following is a potential effect of a low dose of radiation EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A stochastic effect is when a biological response is based on the probability of occurrence rather than the severity of the change..

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At what dose of whole-body radiation would an observable short-term effect of acute radiation syndrome result?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A threshold dose-response relationship indicates that any dose, regardless of amount, can be expected to produce a biologic response. A linear dose-response relationship indicates that the biologic response is directly proportional to the Dose.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nonthreshold dose-response curve indicates that there is a certain level of radiation below which no biological response should be anticipated.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When radiation affects any cells of the body except the reproductive cells, the effect is called indirect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effects of irradiation depend on the type of energy and duration of the exposure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What theory of radiation damage to cells results from free radicals combining to form toxins such as hydrogen peroxide?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When is the developing fetus most susceptible to the damaging effects of radiation, and why?

Correct AnswerverifiedDuring the first trimester, im...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of these periods immediately follows radiation exposure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the approximate surface (skin) dose of radiation from a full mouth series of 18 F-speed films, exposed at 90 kVp with a 16-inch (41-cm) -length PID?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lethal dose (LD 50/30) of radiation for humans is estimated to be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists do not know whether low levels of radiation exposure carry health risks.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Law of Bergonié and Tribondeau?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding the biological effect mechanisms of the indirect effect is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erythema is a stochastic effect of exposure to radiation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because they do not divide and are very specialized, reproductive cells are radioresistant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All cells in the human body have the same sensitivity to radiation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups of cells are correctly ranked in order of radiosensitivity beginning with the most sensitive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding radiation injury is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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During the first trimester, im...
View Answer

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