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Exam 2: How Psychologists Do Research

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Question 21

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The degree of relationship between two or more variables is:

A) correlation.
B) validity.
C) reliability.
D) a hypothesis.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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A researcher tests the hypothesis that students who study in the room where they take their tests will perform better on the tests than students who study in other rooms.She requires one group to study in the classroom where the exam is given and another group to study in the library.All students take the test in the classroom,and their test performance is compared.In this example,test performance is:

A) the dependent variable.
B) the independent variable.
C) the manipulation.
D) the control group.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Question 23

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In an experiment,a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable.The manipulated variable is called the __________.

An experiment was run in which group A was given 3 minutes to study a word list,while group B was given 10 minutes to study the same list.Later,both groups were asked to recall words from the list.In this study,the number of words recalled is the _______.

Keeping responses anonymous helps researchers avoid the ethical problem of _______.

In an experiment,four groups of college students used different memorizing strategies to learn the material in one chapter of a textbook.Then each group was given the same multiple-choice test on the material.What was the dependent variable in this study?

A sample that does not truly represent the population in question is known as a _____________sample.

As part of an assignment,Bill's class was asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire on sexual discrimination.Which research method was Bill's professor using?

In an experiment to test the effects of anxiety on performance,the dependent variable is the __________.

In a controlled experiment,the group subjected to a change in the independent variable is called the __________ group.

Expectations by the experimenter that might influence the results of an experiment or their interpretation are called __________.

In an experiment,a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable.The second variable,which is observed for any possible effects,is called the __________.

A research method in which the real-life behavior of a pre-selected person or a group is studied at an in-depth level for some time through the use of observation,interviews,and writings (such as letters) is the _____________ method of research.

Collecting objective data without interference in the subject's normal environment is associated with ________.

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the __________.

A correlation of .00 means:

Dr.Welsh is doing experiments using drugs.He is concerned that his subjects will respond to demand characteristics.He may want to control for this by using which of the following?

In an experiment,the "measurable aspect of the behavior of the subject" is called the __________ variable.

In an experiment on the effects of level of motivation on the performance of typists,the researcher randomly assigned one third of her subjects to each of three levels of motivation (and then induced different levels of motivation in the three groups) .She measured the average words typed per minute by each group,and found that performance was highest under medium motivation,average under low motivation,and worst under high motivation.What was the independent variable in this experiment?

Manipulating an independent variable in a real-life setting is ________.