Question 1

________ streams have interconnecting channels around stable vegetated bars.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ streams have interconnecting channels around stable...

Question 2

Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases.
-Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  heavy load
B)  dissolved load
C)  suspended load
D)  bed loadE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following statements best characterizes alluvial fans?

Accepted Answer

A)  They develop where a high-gradient stream leaves a narrow mountain valley and deposits on a flat area.
B)  They develop where a low-gradient stream leaves a wide valley and deposits in a canyon.
C)  They develop where a low-gradient tributary meets the main stream.
D)  They develop where a high-gradient tributary splits when it enters a flat area.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D) A

Question 4

Describe one of the four hydrogeologic factors which led to repeated flooding along the Red River in April 1997?

Accepted Answer

southerly thaw + northerly flo...

Question 5

A city located on a large river has a history of moderate flooding over its 150-year history.However, the severity and magnitude of flooding has increased dramatically in the past 30 years.Give some possible reasons, both natural and human-induced, as to why such increased flooding might occur.

Accepted Answer

Climate change (e.g.El Nino)may have inc...

Question 6

The greatest erosion and sediment transport in rivers happens ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  near the mouth where the discharge is the greatest
B)  during floods because capacity and competence are at their maxima
C)  at ordinary discharge but at particular locations where the gradient decreases
D)  during winter freeze up because of velocity changes below the iceE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

The side view of a stream's course is the ________.

Accepted Answer

longitudin...

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct definition of stream gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)  the distance travelled by water in a channel times a drop in elevation
B)  the drop in elevation of a stream divided by the distance the water travels
C)  the water pressure at the bottom of the stream divided by the stream's width
D)  the increase in discharge of a stream per unit drop in elevationE) A) and D)
F) B) and D) B

Question 9

Which of the following locations is a likely place to find a braided stream?

Accepted Answer

A)  flowing across a stream delta
B)  flowing across a low gradient landscape
C)  flowing through a karst region
D)  flowing from the terminus of a glacierE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which one of the following statements correctly describes how stream terraces can form?

Accepted Answer

A)  Base level drops; the stream aggrades its channel, and the former floodplain is left below the present elevation of the stream.
B)  A temporary base level is eliminated; the stream downcuts upstream from the old temporary base level, and the former floodplain is left well above the present elevation of the stream.
C)  Base level rises; the stream downcuts, and the old floodplain is left well above the elevation of the present-day channel.
D)  A temporary base level is eliminated; the stream builds its channel upstream from the old temporary base level, and the former floodplain is left well above the present elevation of the stream.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Evapotranspiration and average stream velocity are both important components of the hydrologic cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

________ is the product of the average flow velocity and the area of the channel cross section (velocity × area) .

Accepted Answer

A)  Runoff gradient
B)  Stream discharge
C)  Hydrocapacity
D)  Stream load factorE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 13

A ________ is a stream segment along its course.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________ is a stream segment along...

Question 14

The lowest base level for most streams is sea level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A ________ stream consists of a complex network of converging and diverging channels that weave around channel bars.

Accepted Answer

A)  Straight channel
B)  Meandering stream
C)  Braided stream
D)  Bedrock channelE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 16

________ make up the suspended loads of most rivers and streams.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dissolved ions and fine sand
B)  Dissolved salts
C)  Silt and clay-sized, detrital grains
D)  Coarse sand and gravel that move during floodsE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

________ is the total quantity of solid sediments carried by a river.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the total quantity of solid...

Question 18

Most stream valleys are diverse in their forms because they are basically just curious accidents of nature and have little to do with ongoing geologic processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Where would you expect to find the coarsest particle size in delta sediments?

Accepted Answer

A)  foreset beds
B)  bottomset beds
C)  distributary channels
D)  topset bedsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Why is a bird-foot delta like that of the present-day Mississippi below New Orleans likely to change naturally toward one with the shape of an equilateral triangle like the upper-case Greek letter delta (?) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Present-day distributaries have higher gradients than potential new ones.
B)  Potential, new, major distributary channels have steeper gradients than existing channels.
C)  Potential, new, distributary channels have higher gradients, causing downcutting of the existing channels.
D)  Increased sediment loads since the mid-19th century have caused the major distributaries to be filled with sand.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C) B

Exam 15: Running Water

________ streams have interconnecting channels around stable vegetated bars.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. -Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements best characterizes alluvial fans?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Describe one of the four hydrogeologic factors which led to repeated flooding along the Red River in April 1997?

Correct Answerverifiedsoutherly thaw + northerly flo...View AnswerShow Answer

A city located on a large river has a history of moderate flooding over its 150-year history.However, the severity and magnitude of flooding has increased dramatically in the past 30 years.Give some possible reasons, both natural and human-induced, as to why such increased flooding might occur.

Correct AnswerverifiedClimate change (e.g.El Nino)may have inc...View AnswerShow Answer

The greatest erosion and sediment transport in rivers happens ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The side view of a stream's course is the ________.

Correct Answerverifiedlongitudin...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is the correct definition of stream gradient?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following locations is a likely place to find a braided stream?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements correctly describes how stream terraces can form?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evapotranspiration and average stream velocity are both important components of the hydrologic cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is the product of the average flow velocity and the area of the channel cross section (velocity × area) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ________ is a stream segment along its course.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lowest base level for most streams is sea level.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ________ stream consists of a complex network of converging and diverging channels that weave around channel bars.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ make up the suspended loads of most rivers and streams.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is the total quantity of solid sediments carried by a river.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most stream valleys are diverse in their forms because they are basically just curious accidents of nature and have little to do with ongoing geologic processes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where would you expect to find the coarsest particle size in delta sediments?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is a bird-foot delta like that of the present-day Mississippi below New Orleans likely to change naturally toward one with the shape of an equilateral triangle like the upper-case Greek letter delta (?) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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southerly thaw + northerly flo...
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Climate change (e.g.El Nino)may have inc...
View Answer

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longitudin...
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B

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B