Question 1

A biologist trying to determine the mechanism of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)  production in a newly discovered bacterium provides several different substrates on which the bacteria can feed. Which of the following results would indicate that the species uses fermentation to produce ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bacteria utilize glucose and produce carbon dioxide as a by-product of respiration.
B)   After the bacteria break down their substrate, the biologist notices a rotten egg smell.
C)   The biologist discovers that the bacteria are able to produce organic molecules by metabolizing methane.
D)   After exposure to amino acids, the bacteria produce a smell like rotting flesh.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use methane (CH4)  as an electron donor and oxygen (O2)  as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   methanogens
B)   methanotrophs
C)   organotrophs
D)   nitrifiersE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodospirillum grows best as a photoheterotroph. What are the most favorable sources of energy and carbon for this bacterium?

Accepted Answer

A)   methane and carbon dioxide
B)   fructose and light
C)   light and carbon dioxide
D)   glucoseE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eukarya
B)   Archaea
C)   Animalia
D)   Protista
E)   FungiF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Broad-spectrum antibiotics inhibit the growth of most intestinal bacteria. Consequently, assuming that nothing is done to counter the reduction of intestinal bacteria, a hospital patient who is receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics is most likely to become ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   unable to fix carbon dioxide
B)   antibiotic-resistant
C)   unable to fix nitrogen
D)   unable to synthesize peptidoglycan
E)   deficient in certain vitamins and nutrientsF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Some researchers have begun attempting to clean up oil spills by adding nonindigenous microbial hydrocarbon degraders to the spill, in the hope that these bacteria will neutralize the dangerous chemicals in the spill. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   bioremediation via fertilization
B)   seeding
C)   production of a new antibiotic
D)   use of extremophiles for cleanup of organic solventsE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Microbiologists use the Gram stain to aid in the identification of bacteria. What is the major difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   structure of nucleotides in the plasma membrane
B)   presence or absence of muramic acid in the cell wall
C)   presence or absence of peptidoglycan in the cell wall
D)   presence or absence of outer plasma membraneE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Plantlike photosynthesis that releases oxygen (O2)  occurs in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cyanobacteria
B)   chlamydias
C)   archaea
D)   actinomycetes
E)   chemoautotrophic bacteriaF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

A prokaryote that obtains carbon and energy by ingesting prey is a(n)  ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   autotroph
B)   chemotroph
C)   autotroph and phototroph
D)   heterotroph and chemotroph
E)   autotroph, phototroph, and chemotrophF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following describe all existing bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   pathogenic, omnipresent, morphologically diverse
B)   extremophiles, tiny, abundant
C)   small, harmful, fast-growing
D)   tiny, ubiquitous, metabolically diverse
E)   morphologically diverse, metabolically diverse, extremophilesF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 11

An organic solvent widely used in industrial processes, 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) , is a major environmental pollutant affecting human health and damaging the ozone layer. Recently, researchers isolated the first bacteria able to degrade TCA. They found that the bacteria use hydrogen as an electron donor, TCA as an electron acceptor, and acetate as a carbon source. Based on the preceding information, deduce the method used to isolate these bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)   Gram staining
B)   enrichment culture
C)   direct sequencing
D)   seedingE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so?

Accepted Answer

A)   conducting a Gram-stain test
B)   performing an analysis of metabolic pathways
C)   determining the ribosomal RNA sequence of the bacteria
D)   analyzing the morphological characteristics of the bacteriaE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

You have found a new prokaryote. What line of evidence would support your hypothesis that the organism is a cyanobacterium?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is able to form colonies and produce oxygen.
B)   It is an endosymbiont.
C)   It forms chains called mycelia.
D)   You determine that it can cause Lyme disease.
E)   It lacks cell walls.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

A bacterium was grown in two test tubes filled with media rich in glucose. One tube was sealed to produce anaerobic conditions, and the other was not. A third uninoculated, unsealed tube was used as a control. Glucose utilization by this bacterium causes acid production, which is indicated by a lightening of the media color. If the bacterium is able to produce ATP only by aerobic respiration, we expect lightening of media in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the sealed tube only
B)   the unsealed tube only
C)   the sealed and unsealed tubes only
D)   the control tube only
E)   all three tubesF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Multicellularity and large body size of eukaryotic organisms require high metabolic rates and efficient ATP production by aerobic respiration. How did bacteria change Earth's atmosphere to enable aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Oxygenic photosynthesis by cyanobacteria significantly increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.
B)   Splitting of water during anaerobic respiration by cyanobacteria dramatically increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.
C)   Nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria decreased the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere, leading to the simultaneous increase of oxygen.
D)   Anaerobic respiration by cyanobacteria increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere by reducing the amount of iron oxides that were able to react instantly with oxygen.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and carbon dioxide. What is the name for this process?

Accepted Answer

A)   fermentation
B)   cellular respiration
C)   chemical synthesis
D)   photosynthesis
E)   carbon fixationF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

A prokaryote that obtains energy from light is a(n)  ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   chemotroph
B)   phototroph
C)   autotroph and phototroph
D)   heterotroph and chemotroph
E)   autotroph, phototroph, and chemotrophF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

You might be interested to know how many different types of bacteria live on the shower curtain in your bathroom. What is the most efficient method for finding out?

Accepted Answer

A)   producing a molecular phylogeny
B)   enrichment culture
C)   direct sequencing
D)   Enrichment culture and direct sequencing are equally efficient methods.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 26: Bacteria and Archaea

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and carbon dioxide. What is the name for this process?

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so?

Correct Answer
verified

Broad-spectrum antibiotics inhibit the growth of most intestinal bacteria. Consequently, assuming that nothing is done to counter the reduction of intestinal bacteria, a hospital patient who is receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics is most likely to become ________.

Correct Answer
verified

A biologist trying to determine the mechanism of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in a newly discovered bacterium provides several different substrates on which the bacteria can feed. Which of the following results would indicate that the species uses fermentation to produce ATP?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Plantlike photosynthesis that releases oxygen (O2) occurs in ________.

Correct Answer
verified

A prokaryote that obtains carbon and energy by ingesting prey is a(n) ________.

Correct Answer
verified

You might be interested to know how many different types of bacteria live on the shower curtain in your bathroom. What is the most efficient method for finding out?

Correct Answer
verified

Microbiologists use the Gram stain to aid in the identification of bacteria. What is the major difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodospirillum grows best as a photoheterotroph. What are the most favorable sources of energy and carbon for this bacterium?

Correct Answer
verified

Some researchers have begun attempting to clean up oil spills by adding nonindigenous microbial hydrocarbon degraders to the spill, in the hope that these bacteria will neutralize the dangerous chemicals in the spill. This is an example of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Multicellularity and large body size of eukaryotic organisms require high metabolic rates and efficient ATP production by aerobic respiration. How did bacteria change Earth's atmosphere to enable aerobic respiration?

Correct Answer
verified

You have found a new prokaryote. What line of evidence would support your hypothesis that the organism is a cyanobacterium?

Correct Answer
verified

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

Correct Answer
verified

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use methane (CH4) as an electron donor and oxygen (O2) as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

A prokaryote that obtains energy from light is a(n) ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following describe all existing bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 26: Bacteria and Archaea

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and carbon dioxide. What is the name for this process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Broad-spectrum antibiotics inhibit the growth of most intestinal bacteria. Consequently, assuming that nothing is done to counter the reduction of intestinal bacteria, a hospital patient who is receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics is most likely to become ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A biologist trying to determine the mechanism of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in a newly discovered bacterium provides several different substrates on which the bacteria can feed. Which of the following results would indicate that the species uses fermentation to produce ATP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plantlike photosynthesis that releases oxygen (O2) occurs in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A prokaryote that obtains carbon and energy by ingesting prey is a(n) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You might be interested to know how many different types of bacteria live on the shower curtain in your bathroom. What is the most efficient method for finding out?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microbiologists use the Gram stain to aid in the identification of bacteria. What is the major difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodospirillum grows best as a photoheterotroph. What are the most favorable sources of energy and carbon for this bacterium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some researchers have begun attempting to clean up oil spills by adding nonindigenous microbial hydrocarbon degraders to the spill, in the hope that these bacteria will neutralize the dangerous chemicals in the spill. This is an example of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multicellularity and large body size of eukaryotic organisms require high metabolic rates and efficient ATP production by aerobic respiration. How did bacteria change Earth's atmosphere to enable aerobic respiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have found a new prokaryote. What line of evidence would support your hypothesis that the organism is a cyanobacterium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use methane (CH4) as an electron donor and oxygen (O2) as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A prokaryote that obtains energy from light is a(n) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describe all existing bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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