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What term denotes a glacial valley that was partly flooded as sea level rose?

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A(n) ________ would likely be situated next to a large end moraine.


A) cirque
B) fjord
C) horn
D) outwash plain

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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How does the total land area change during ice ages?

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It gets la...

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Which one of the following could not have significantly affected climatic variations, and advances and retreats of ice sheets, during the Pleistocene Epoch?


A) gradual movements of Earth's tectonic plates
B) episodic variations in the Sun's energy output
C) cyclic precession of Earth's orbit
D) periodic wobbling of Earth's rotational axis

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Surges in glacial movement are unusually fast rates of movement.

A) True
B) False

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Tributary glaciers follow the rule of streams and downcut to the level of the main trunk glacier to smoothly join in at the same elevation.

A) True
B) False

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Drumlins are believed to represent deltas built into lakes by meltwater streams.

A) True
B) False

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As eroding valley glaciers oversteepen their walls, rockfalls and slides along their margins add to the load of plucked and abraded debris to form ________.

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Where is the world's second largest continental ice sheet?


A) Iceland
B) Greenland
C) Antarctica
D) Siberian Russia

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Who co-discovered Canada's first diamond mine in the Northwest Territories?


A) Charles Fipke and Stuart Blusson
B) Louis Agassiz and Ignaz Venetz
C) Paul Hoffman and Guy Narbonne
D) Milutin Milankovitch and James Croll

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Eccentricity, obliquity, and precession are three factors involved in the Milankovitch astronomic explanation of why the Pleistocene continental ice sheets alternately grew and shrank in size.

A) True
B) False

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Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. -Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.


A) drumlin
B) kame
C) kettle
D) esker

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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At what depth or thickness of ice does glacial ice make the transition from brittle fracture to plastic flow?


A) 1 metre
B) 5 metres
C) 10 metres
D) 50 metres

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Briefly discuss the indirect effects of glaciation.Indicate whether such changes would occur in conjunction with glaciation or at some time later?

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Animal migration would occur during glac...

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Name two of the five factors that control the differences in the power of glacial erosion?

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glacier rate of movement, ice thickness ...

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The great, Southern Hemisphere glaciation left Jurassic tills on parts of South America, India, and South Africa.

A) True
B) False

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The down-valley end of the glacier is its terminus.

A) True
B) False

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What general term denotes the wastage of a glacier when combined mechanisms for loss of ice is greater than the input from its head?

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The bottom or downward tip of a crevasse marks the ________.


A) boundary between parts of the glacier moving by basal sliding and crevassal slip
B) boundary between the basal sliding and external flowage zones
C) bottom of the basal sliding zone
D) top of the internal deformation and flowage zone, and the base of the brittle zone of fracture

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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________ is a gently rolling sheet of till with an irregular surface deposited under the weight of a glacier.


A) Terminal moraine
B) Outwash blanket
C) Kame sheet
D) Ground moraine

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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