Question 1

Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mary Whiton Calkins
B)  Kenneth Clark
C)  Francis Cecil Sumner
D)  Margaret Floy WashburnE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The first laboratory devoted exclusively to psychology as an independent field of study opened in:

Accepted Answer

A)  Paris in 1859.
B)  Leipzig in 1879.
C)  Berlin in 1889.
D)  Cornell University in 1909.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

In the late 1800s, Charcot and Janet noted that symptoms of hysteria were eliminated when patients:

Accepted Answer

A)  were paid for not exhibiting those symptoms.
B)  received electroconvulsive shock therapy.
C)  were hypnotized.
D)  introspected on the causes of their hysteria.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Solomon Asch was a social psychologist whose research interests were shaped, in part, by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  American civil rights movement.
B)  development of computers.
C)  Holocaust.
D)  theory of language development.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

What is the difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist?

Accepted Answer

A)  A clinical psychologist can only work in schools.
B)  A psychiatrist is a medical doctor, whereas a clinical psychologist is a PhD.
C)  Only a clinical psychologist can prescribe medication.
D)  A psychiatrist goes to graduate school for years longer than a clinical psychologist.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The study of biological processes, especially those of the human body, is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  psychology.
B)  anatomy.
C)  phrenology.
D)  physiology.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Plato is to _____ as Aristotle is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  philosophical structuralism; nativism
B)  nativism; philosophical empiricism
C)  nativism; dualism
D)  dualism; nativismE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

A participant seated in an otherwise dark room stares at the flickering of a lit candle and reports on her subjective experiences, such as the visual experience of the candle flickering and the hepatic sensation of warmth. The psychologist conducting this experiment is most likely to be _____, and the method being used is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Wundt; psychoanalysis
B)  Wundt; introspection
C)  James; functionalism
D)  Titchener; functionalismE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Who was the first female president of the American Psychological Association?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mary Whiton Calkins
B)  Francis Cecil Sumner
C)  Anna Freud
D)  Margaret Floy WashburnE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Watson criticized the introspective methods of the structuralists and functionalists primarily because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of these methods necessitated a belief in the existence of mental events.
B)  introspection cannot produce replicable and objective measures required by science.
C)  the stimulus-response introspective model was overly simplistic.
D)  reaction time was an unreliable dependent measure.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Gestalt psychologists used _____ to show how perception of a whole object or scene can influence judgments about its individual elements.

Accepted Answer

A)  illusions
B)  visual hallucinations
C)  reinforcement
D)  dream analysisE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which approach to psychology links psychological processes to activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive psychology
B)  cognitive psychotherapy
C)  behavioral neuroscience
D)  evolutionary psychologyE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The problem of dualism refers to how:

Accepted Answer

A)  different areas in the brain control different types of behavior and cognition.
B)  mental activity can be reconciled and coordinated with physical behavior.
C)  brain activity produces consciousness.
D)  both genetic and environmental factors influence human behavior.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Frederic Bartlett differed from Hermann Ebbinghaus in that Bartlett believed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  memory is an unobservable construct that cannot be empirically studied.
B)  memory operates like a photographic reproduction of past experience.
C)  nonsense syllables should be used in memory research to control for previous learning.
D)  memory studies should involve information that people encounter in everyday life.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Gordon Allport proposed that prejudice was:

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily reinforced behavior.
B)  the result of a perceptual error.
C)  highly dependent upon culture.
D)  highly dependent upon group size.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The research of Flourens and Broca:

Accepted Answer

A)  established phrenology as a true science.
B)  confirmed Descartes' belief that the mind and body were linked via the pineal gland.
C)  is consistent with the view of the mind held by Thomas Hobbes.
D)  demonstrated that mental processes can occur independently of brain activity.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

If you are having trouble finding your cat, you may try shaking the can that contains its treats. The sound of the treats as you shake the can would be a:

Accepted Answer

A)  response.
B)  stimulus.
C)  stimulus-response relation.
D)  reinforcer.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

In the late 1800s, a temporary loss of cognitive or motor function, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences, was termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  agoraphobia.
B)  hysteria.
C)  neurosis.
D)  generalized anxiety.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Dee and Soleila watch a YouTube clip of "Mrs. Memory" reciting pi for thousands of digits. Dee is impressed but Soleila wonders if Mrs. Memory can remember what her husband asked her to purchase at the grocery store. Soleila's concern echoes _____ critique of the research of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Noam Chomsky's; B. F. Skinner
B)  John Watson's; William James
C)  Frederic Bartlett's; Hermann Ebbinghaus
D)  Kurt Lewin's; B. F. SkinnerE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Which school of psychology was most concerned with the adaptive importance of mental processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  structuralism
B)  functionalism
C)  behaviorism
D)  empiricismE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 1: Section 2: Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Who was the first female president of the American Psychological Association?

Correct Answer
verified

Gordon Allport proposed that prejudice was:

Correct Answer
verified

In the late 1800s, a temporary loss of cognitive or motor function, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences, was termed:

Correct Answer
verified

If you are having trouble finding your cat, you may try shaking the can that contains its treats. The sound of the treats as you shake the can would be a:

Correct Answer
verified

Solomon Asch was a social psychologist whose research interests were shaped, in part, by the:

Correct Answer
verified

The study of biological processes, especially those of the human body, is called:

Correct Answer
verified

Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology?

Correct Answer
verified

In the late 1800s, Charcot and Janet noted that symptoms of hysteria were eliminated when patients:

Correct Answer
verified

Dee and Soleila watch a YouTube clip of "Mrs. Memory" reciting pi for thousands of digits. Dee is impressed but Soleila wonders if Mrs. Memory can remember what her husband asked her to purchase at the grocery store. Soleila's concern echoes _ critique of the research of _.

Correct Answer
verified

Which approach to psychology links psychological processes to activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Gestalt psychologists used _____ to show how perception of a whole object or scene can influence judgments about its individual elements.

Correct Answer
verified

Watson criticized the introspective methods of the structuralists and functionalists primarily because:

Correct Answer
verified

Plato is to _ as Aristotle is to _.

Correct Answer
verified

The problem of dualism refers to how:

Correct Answer
verified

The first laboratory devoted exclusively to psychology as an independent field of study opened in:

Correct Answer
verified

Frederic Bartlett differed from Hermann Ebbinghaus in that Bartlett believed that:

Correct Answer
verified

Which school of psychology was most concerned with the adaptive importance of mental processes?

Correct Answer
verified

The research of Flourens and Broca:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: Section 2: Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Who was the first female president of the American Psychological Association?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gordon Allport proposed that prejudice was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the late 1800s, a temporary loss of cognitive or motor function, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences, was termed:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you are having trouble finding your cat, you may try shaking the can that contains its treats. The sound of the treats as you shake the can would be a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Solomon Asch was a social psychologist whose research interests were shaped, in part, by the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study of biological processes, especially those of the human body, is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the late 1800s, Charcot and Janet noted that symptoms of hysteria were eliminated when patients:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dee and Soleila watch a YouTube clip of "Mrs. Memory" reciting pi for thousands of digits. Dee is impressed but Soleila wonders if Mrs. Memory can remember what her husband asked her to purchase at the grocery store. Soleila's concern echoes _____ critique of the research of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which approach to psychology links psychological processes to activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gestalt psychologists used _____ to show how perception of a whole object or scene can influence judgments about its individual elements.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Watson criticized the introspective methods of the structuralists and functionalists primarily because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plato is to _____ as Aristotle is to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The problem of dualism refers to how:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first laboratory devoted exclusively to psychology as an independent field of study opened in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Frederic Bartlett differed from Hermann Ebbinghaus in that Bartlett believed that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which school of psychology was most concerned with the adaptive importance of mental processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The research of Flourens and Broca:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Dee and Soleila watch a YouTube clip of "Mrs. Memory" reciting pi for thousands of digits. Dee is impressed but Soleila wonders if Mrs. Memory can remember what her husband asked her to purchase at the grocery store. Soleila's concern echoes _ critique of the research of _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Plato is to _ as Aristotle is to _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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