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Research on smoking, peer pressure, and adolescents suggests that​


A) ​anti-smoking messages serve to decrease smoking rates among groups of friends.
B) ​overt pressure from friends is required to increase the chances a teen will smoke.
C) ​adolescents will smoke to fit in with others, regardless whether pressure is overt.
D) ​media exposure has not been found to influence young teens in starting to smoke.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Heavy cigarette smoking decreases life expectancy by ______ years.​


A) ​2.1
B) ​4.7
C) ​8.8
D) ​15.2

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The presence of nicotine can be detected in the brain​


A) ​as rapidly as 7 seconds after it is ingested by smoking.
B) ​2 minutes after smoking, 1 minute after intravenous injection.
C) ​not until 30 to 40 minutes after ingestion by smoking.
D) ​of a person who smokes and of one who does not smoke.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Do people who quit smoking gain sufficient weight to pose health hazards? Would they be healthier if they continued to smoke and stayed thinner?​

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A. Smokers believe that they will gain w...

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Most young people who begin smoking have very little knowledge of the dangers of smoking.​

A) True
B) False

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​________ suffer the most health problems from passive smoking.


A) ​Children
B) ​Adolescents
C) ​Young adults
D) ​Middle-aged adults

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Women have an easier time quitting smoking than men.​

A) True
B) False

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​Ashley is a 16-year-old girl of normal weight who wants to lose weight and has started smoking to help her do so. Ashley is at risk for


A) ​other risky weight loss strategies.
B) ​switching to illicit drugs.
C) ​skipping school.
D) ​Type 2 diabetes.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Nicotine is​


A) ​a stimulant.
B) ​a tranquilizer.
C) ​both of these.
D) ​neither of these.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Evaluate the dangers of passive smoking.​ ​ ​

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A. Passive smoking or environmental toba...

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Which of the following have researchers found about behavioral smoking cessation programs?​


A) ​Client-practitioner contact correlates positively with effectiveness.
B) ​Individual counseling is found more helpful than group counseling.
C) ​Group counseling is found more helpful than individual counseling.
D) ​Psychologists are more effective providers than physicians or nurses.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Of the following, which group is more likely to be current smokers?


A) Females compared to males
B) American Indians compared to Asian Americans
C) Older adults compared to younger adults
D) Highly educated compared to high-school educated

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of these factors helped to popularize smoking in the United States?


A) The availability of ready-made cigarettes
B) The development of a "blended" cigarette
C) The historically low prices for cigarettes
D) Both a and b helped popularize smoking

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Pat, a smoker who fears that stopping smoking would lead to weight gain, is most likely​


A) ​a woman under 30 years of age.
B) ​a woman 45 years old or older.
C) ​a man under 30 years of age.
D) ​a man 45 years old or older.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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When smokers are allowed to smoke only bad-tasting cigarettes,​


A) ​people who smoke for relaxation will show little interest in smoking these kinds of cigarettes.
B) ​people who are addicted to nicotine will not cut back on the number of cigarettes they smoke.
C) ​people who smoke for pleasure will smoke very few or none of these kinds of cigarettes.
D) ​people who smoke for each of these reasons will demonstrate each one of these behaviors.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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People cough in response to smoke because​


A) ​coughing expels irritants from the respiratory tract.
B) ​coughing is a substitute for sneezing.
C) ​coughing draws oxygen more deeply into the lungs.
D) ​of the action of the alveoli.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following diseases is rarely diagnosed among nonsmokers?


A) Cardiovascular disease
B) Cancer of the prostate
C) Cancer of the breast
D) Chronic lower respiratory disease

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Madison is a nonsmoking 16-year-old high school sophomore who has a large cigarette-sponsored poster in her bedroom. Compared with nonsmoking Wendy, who has no such poster in her room, Madison is more likely to​


A) ​begin smoking.
B) ​begin smoking but quit in two months.
C) ​have a pessimistic bias.
D) ​be an only child.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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There are at least 60 types of _______ in cigarettes.​


A) ​tars
B) ​nicotine
C) ​aldehydes
D) ​carcinogens

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The half-life of nicotine is ________.​


A) ​7 seconds
B) ​5 minutes
C) ​30 minutes
D) ​10 minutes

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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