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________ is closely associated with Alfred Stieglitz's assertion that for photography to be an art, it should be true to its own nature.


A) Sand Springs, Nevada
B) Fading Away
C) The Steerage
D) Migrant Mother
E) Substratum 12 III

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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The supervision by one individual or group over the artistic expression of another individual or group is known as


A) editorial photography.
B) political arena.
C) censorship.
D) afterimage.
E) collodion process.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The creation of a photographic body of work around an event, place, or culture is known as


A) solarization.
B) photojournalism.
C) editorial photography.
D) Dada and surrealism.
E) abstraction.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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Consider the meaning of "truth" in terms of the photographer's art. Discuss the concepts of "truth" presented in this chapter, and make personal observations about these ideas as they relate to photography, film, and video.

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Responses will vary depending on persona...

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Early examples of art photography often imitated


A) the brush strokes of Renaissance painters.
B) the Dada photographic collages of Hannah Höch.
C) film stills from grade-B Hollywood movies.
D) Leonardo da Vinci's painting of The Last Supper.
E) the narrative form of painting.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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The Lumière brothers


A) originated the concept of the auteur in filmmaking.
B) invented the first workable film projector.
C) invented the first recorded film soundtrack.
D) collaborated with Thomas Edison in making short films.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Julia Margaret Cameron is renowned for her


A) surrealist photographs.
B) pop-art films.
C) portraits.
D) photojournalism.
E) video art.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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A daguerreotype was an early photographic method created using a


A) carte de visite.
B) copper plate covered with silver iodine.
C) rayogram.
D) plate of glass.
E) gelatin silver print.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Dada collage artist Hannah Höch used "found" photographs to express


A) artistic composition.
B) the overwhelming experience of the mechanized city.
C) disgust with a civilization that allowed the slaughter of World War I.
D) all of these: artistic composition; the overwhelming experience of the mechanized city; and disgust with a civilization that allowed the slaughter of World War I.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Nam Jun Pak is best known for


A) Internet art.
B) Pop art.
C) video art.
D) photojournalism.
E) stop motion photography.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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C

Discuss how editing emerged as fundamental to filmmaking and give an example of a film, and director, demonstrating the development and technique of film editing.

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Early filmmakers looked naturally to the...

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Consider Warhol's Empire, an image from the film is included in the text. This avant-garde film challenged the conventions of studio-made films. How did it do so? Consider the history of cinema and this film's relationship to traditional narrative and editing. How does this film relate to other aspects of this artist's work?

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Film was hailed initially as a wonderful...

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The works of Henry Peach Robinson and Andreas Gursky exemplify the photographer's


A) manipulation and combination of different photographic images in one work.
B) editorial approach to photography.
C) commitment to unmanipulated, "straight" photography.
D) intention to make the viewer become part of the photograph as he or she moves through it.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Andy Warhol's film Empire


A) is noted for its epic battle scenes.
B) cast thousands of actors from Italy.
C) is a film about watching time pass.
D) is an ingenious comic dialogue.
E) is the seminal film in the use of models and special effects.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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C

The Dada movement was formed as a reaction to


A) pictorialism and photography of the American West.
B) television and video art.
C) the American Civil War.
D) World War I.
E) engineering and machinery.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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The Farm Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture


A) hired filmmaker Alfred Hitchcock to make a film about crop dusting.
B) encouraged Future Farmers of America to photograph activities related to dairy farming and everyday rural life.
C) owned controlling shares of the Eastman Kodak Company in 1929.
D) sponsored photography classes in high schools across the country.
E) paid photographers to document the Great Depression.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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________ was a photographer who became dissatisfied with pictorialism and promoted the idea that photography should be true to its own nature rather than trying to imitate painting.


A) Henry Peach Robinson
B) Joseph Nicéphore Niépce
C) Alfred Steiglitz
D) Julia Margaret Cameron
E) Thomas Ruff

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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In 1888 the Kodak camera changed the history of photography


A) by making photography easily accessible to the general public.
B) when George Eastman invented color film.
C) with the invention of the daguerreotype.
D) when the "snapshot" replaced art photography.
E) All these answers are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Despite an enthusiastic public acceptance, the success of the daguerreotype was limited by


A) a strict international patent.
B) the inability to make multiple images from one negative.
C) painters who believed photography was not art.
D) the invention of the motion picture.
E) the cost of silver.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Consider Daguerre's Le Boulevard du Temple. Discuss the reason that this image is important to the history of photography and the difficulties inherent in the production of this image.

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Daguerre made a breakthrough recording an image that was clear and sharp, a significant improvement to the captured image of Niépce, which involved a long exposure time and resulting fuzzy appearance. Daguerre's Le Boulevard du Temple, was displayed the year the French government announced Daguerre's discovery. Although the exposure time was less that the previous process, the ten to twenty minute exposure time didn't record the moving traffic on the busy boulevard. However, the figure in the lower left was motionless long enough to have his image captured.

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