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A form of low-risk and capital-free entry into international markets that includes local manufacturing is referred to as


A) indirect exporting.
B) direct ownership.
C) joint ventures.
D) licensing.
E) direct exporting.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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When firms originate,produce,and market their products and services worldwide,it is referred to as __________.


A) acculturation
B) free trade
C) global branding
D) global competition
E) transactional exchange

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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A quota refers to


A) a government tax on products or services entering a country that primarily serves to raise prices on imports.
B) government payments to companies or industries that serve to lower costs and provide a competitive advantage to domestic industries.
C) a restriction placed on the amount of a product allowed to enter or leave a country.
D) a minimum requirement for the purchase of specific products or services between two nations.
E) a refusal to purchase or exchange products or services with another nation unless certain financial or ideological requirements have been satisfied.

F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

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According to Michael Porter's diamond in Figure 7-2 above,quadrant "A" represents


A) factor conditions.
B) related and supporting industries.
C) demand conditions.
D) managerial conditions.
E) company strategy,structure,and rivalry.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Explain the difference between joint venture and direct investment market entry strategies.What are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach?

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When a foreign company and a local firm ...

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Yum! Brands,the restaurant division of PepsiCo,has 12,600 KFC restaurants abroad,with more than 3,700 restaurants in China.Many of the latter are locally owned and subject to a contractual agreement that allows the owners to operate the business under the established KFC brand name and according to specific rules.Yum! Brands is engaged in


A) contract assembly.
B) a joint venture.
C) contract manufacturing.
D) a partnership.
E) franchising.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The U.S.motorcycle manufacturer Harley-Davidson uses intermediaries to sell its motorcycles in numerous nations outside the United States.Harley-Davidson uses


A) direct exporting.
B) licensing.
C) contract manufacturing.
D) indirect exporting.
E) foreign assembly.

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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In terms of the global marketplace,there are three primary types of companies: __________,multinational firms,and transnational firms.


A) worldwide
B) conglomerate
C) intercontinental
D) international
E) cosmopolitan

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets.According to Figure 7-6 above,"D" refers to which type of strategy?


A) product extension strategy
B) product adaptation strategy
C) dual adaptation strategy
D) product invention strategy
E) communication adaptation strategy

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following examples BEST DEMONSTRATES a company's appreciation of another country's values?


A) American companies in Germany encouraging the use of all types of credit cards.
B) In Brazil,American companies are extremely careful to keep to a strict agenda and time schedule,even though an informal structure is preferred.
C) Bath products are advertised by portraying intimate scenes between husbands and wives in countries where personal privacy is important.
D) McDonald's restaurants in India serve a full line of products except for hamburgers made from beef.
E) Vogue Italia publishing a feature with a model wearing "slave earrings," which it said were "worn by women of color during the slave trade."

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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The clandestine collection of trade secrets or proprietary information about a company's competitors is referred to as


A) trade piracy.
B) transnational fraud.
C) economic espionage.
D) competitive duplicity.
E) transnational espionage.

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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Yum! Brands,the parent company of KFC,has pursued an aggressive growth strategy in China.There are now than 3,700 restaurants in 650 Chinese cities,and KFC has a 40% market share of the entire fast-food industry there.Yum! Brands China owns and directly manages about 90% of its Chinese stores,so it appears that the company prefers __________ in this market.


A) licensing
B) local assembly
C) a joint venture
D) direct investment
E) local manufacturing

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Countertrade refers to


A) the illegal agreement of one country to buy products exclusively from another.
B) the legal agreement of one country to buy products exclusively with another.
C) the practice of using barter rather than money for making global sales.
D) the sale of industrial goods from a brick and mortar outlet rather than directly from the manufacturer.
E) the use of legal tender in making global sales.

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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Canada has two official languages,which are


A) English and Japanese.
B) English and Spanish.
C) English and French.
D) English and Italian.
E) English and German.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about global brands is most accurate?


A) A global brand is marketed under different names but uses identical ads for all markets.
B) A global brand alters the product formulation or service for each geographical region.
C) A global brand has centrally coordinated marketing programs.
D) A global brand delivers multiple benefits based on the GDP of each country.
E) A global brand is a collaborative effort among several different national firms.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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In terms of the global marketplace,there are three primary types of companies: international firms,__________ firms,and transnational firms.


A) large-scale
B) conglomerate
C) intercontinental
D) cosmopolitan
E) multinational

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following is most accurate in regards to the Asian Free Trade agreements?


A) Efforts to liberalize trade in East Asia are growing.
B) Asian Free Trade Agreements are more formal than those of the EU and NAFTA.
C) Asian Free Trade Agreements are based on ethnicity rather than geographical borders.
D) Asian Free Trade Agreements encourage the formation of multinational corporations.
E) Asian Free Trade Agreements recently include India and China.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following statements about the World Trade Organization (WTO) is most accurate?


A) The WTO is an institution that sets rules governing trade between its members.
B) The WTO acts as an agent in trade negotiations between its members and the remainder of the world.
C) The 183 member countries of the WTO account for approximately 55 percent of world trade.
D) The WTO uses panels of trade experts who issue non-binding recommendations.
E) The WTO was formed by the United Nations.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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World trade flows to and from the United States reflect __________ for products and services among nations and industries.


A) demand and supply interdependencies
B) disparities between supply and demand
C) positive and negative synergistic trade
D) a negative currency exchange
E) an ethnocentric bias

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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An assessment of a country's or region's political-regulatory climate includes an analysis of its political stability and __________.


A) economic infrastructure
B) stock market performance
C) trade regulations
D) cultural diversity
E) currency exchange rates

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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